There were over 200 Buddhist periodicals published in China from 1850 to 1950. Of these, many only appeared for a single issue or a very short run, but many continued to be published over decades. These publications were an important means of communication among people interested in Buddhism, a conduit for new ideas, debates and controversies, and information about the wider world of Buddhist culture.
Many periodical issues have been made available in two multi-volume reprint editions: The Mínguó fójiào qíkān wénxiàn jíchéng 民國佛教期刊文獻集成 (MFQ) and its supplement the MFQB. See the MFQ Guide for more information on the provenance of these resources.
We are currently working on 52 periodical articles. This list can be ordered alphabetically by pīnyīn title or by the date of first publication.
Gregory Adam Scott is the Periodical section editor.
Name | Dates of Publication | Place(s) of Publication and Notes |
---|---|---|
Fóxué cóngbào 佛學叢報 (Buddhist Miscellany) | 1912 - 1914 | Shànghǎi 上海 |
Fójiào yuèbào 佛教月報 (Buddhist Monthly) | 1913 | Shànghǎi 上海 |
Juéshè cóngshū 覺社叢書 (Awakening Society Collectanea) | 1918 - 1919 | Shànghǎi 上海; Became Hǎicháo yīn in January, 1920 |
Xīn Fójiào 新佛教 (New Buddhism) | 1920 - 19?? | |
Fóxué xùnkān 佛學旬刊 (Buddhism Weekly) | 1920? - 1933? | |
Fóxīn cóngkān 佛心叢刊 (Buddhist Mind Collectanea) | 1922 - 19?? | |
Nèixué 內學 (Inner Studies) | 1923 - 1928 | Nánjīng 南京 |
Dàyún 大雲 (Great Cloud) | 1924 - 1929? | Shàoxīng 紹興 |
Fóyīn 佛音 (Buddhist Sound) | 1923? - 19?? | |
Xīnfóhuà xùnkān 新佛化旬刊 (New Buddhistic Weekly) | 1922 - 1923? | |
Fóguāng 佛光 (Buddhist Light) | 1923 - 19?? | |
Fóhuà xīn qīngnián 佛化新青年 (The Young Men's Buddhistic Monthly) | 1923 - 1924 | Hànkǒu 漢口, later Běijīng 北京 |
Fóhuà shìjiè 佛化世界 (Buddhist World) | 1923 - 19?? | |
Shìjiè Fójiào jūshìlín línkān 世界佛教居士林林刊 (Magazine of the World Buddhist Lay Association) | 1926[1] - 1937 | Shànghǎi 上海 |
Fóguāngshè shèkān 佛光社社刊 (Journal of the Buddhist Light Society) | 1927 - 1932? | |
Fóhuà xúnkān (成都)佛化旬刊 (Buddhism Weekly (Chengdu)) | 1926? - 19?? | Also indexed as 四川佛化旬刊, later became 四川佛教月刊? |
Pínqié yīn suíkān 頻伽音隨刊 (Kalaviṇka’s Cry Occasional) | 1930 - 1934? | Guǎngzhōu 廣州 |
Pínqiéyīn bànyuèkān 頻伽音半月刊 (Kalaviṇka’s Cry Monthly) | 1926 | |
Pínqiéyīn 頻伽音 (Kalaviṇka’s Cry) | 1926? | |
Rénzhìlín cóngkān 仁智林叢刊 (Humanity and Wisdom Society Collectanea) | 1926 | |
Fóhuà zhōukān 佛化周刊 (Buddhist Weekly) | 1925 | Tàizhōu 泰州, Jiāngsū 江蘇 |
Fóxué yuèkān 佛學月刊 (Buddhism Monthly) | 1921 | |
Fóxué yuèkān 佛學月刊(北平) (Buddhism Monthly - Beiping Publication) | 1941 | Běijīng 北京 |
Léngyán tèkān 楞嚴特刊 (Śūraṃgama Special Issue) | 1926? | |
Zhōngguó fójiàohuì gōngbào 中國佛教會公報 (Official Bulletin of the Chinese Buddhist Association) | 1929 | |
Dōngfāng wénhuà 東方文化 (Eastern Culture) | 1926 | Shànghǎi 上海 |
Hóngfǎ shèkān 弘法社刊 (Periodical of the Dharma Propagation Society) | 1928 | Níngbō 寧波, later Yúnnán 雲南 |
Fóhuà cèjìnhuì huìkān 佛化策進會會刊 (Journal of the Society for the Advancement of Buddhism) | 1927 | |
Sānjué cóngkān 三覺叢刊 (Three Enlightenments Collectanea) | 1926 | |
Hóngcí fóxuéyuàn niánkān 弘慈佛學院年刊 (Hongci Seminary Yearbook) | 1930? | |
Fóhuà suíkān 佛化隨刊 (Buddhistic Occasional) | 1929? | |
Běiping fóhuà yùkān 北平佛化月刊 (Beiping Buddhistic Monthly) | 1933? | |
Fóxué yuèbào 佛學月報 (Buddhism Monthly) | 1925 | Hànyáng 漢陽, Húběi 湖北 |
Zhèng júe 正覺 (True Awakening) | 1930 | |
Zīzàng Bānchán zhùjīng bàngōngchù yuèkān 西藏班禪駐京辦公處月刊 (Beijing Office of the Tibetan Panchen Lama Monthly) | 1929 | |
Wēiyīn yuèkān 威音月刊 (Mighty Sound Monthly) | 1930 | Shànghǎi 上海 |
Sìchuān Fójiàotuán diànqǐng zhèngfǔ gǎidìng sìmiào guǎnlǐ tiáolì tèkān 四川佛教團體電請政府改定寺廟管理條例特刊 (Special Publication on Sichuan Buddhist Groups Requesting by Telegraph that the Government Amend the Rules Governing Temples) | 19?? | |
Dà Fóxué bào大佛學報 (The Great Buddhist Journal) | 1930 | |
Yíchāng jūshìlín línkān 宜昌居士林林刊 (Association Journal of the Yichang Lay Buddhist Association) | 1936? | |
Zhōng Rì mìjiāo 中日密教 (Sino-Japanese Esotericism) | 1934 | |
Fóxué zhōukān - xīnbào 佛學周刊‧新報 (Buddhist Weekly - New Edition) | 1935? | |
Liánlòushēng 蓮漏聲 (Sound of the Dripping Lotus) | 1939? | |
Fǎhǎi bōlán 法海波瀾 (Great Waves of the Dharma Sea) | 1930? | |
Fójiào pínglùn 佛教評論 (Buddhist Critic) | 1931 | |
Língquán tōngxìn 靈泉通信 (Spirituous Spring Dispatch) | 19?? | |
Fóxué bànyuèkān 佛學半月刊 (Buddhism Semimonthly) | 1930 - 1944 | Shànghǎi 上海; Largest publication size of Republican-era Chinese Buddhist periodicals, with more than 10,000 copies per issue produced |
Fóxué shūjú túshū 佛學書局圖書 (Publications of Buddhist Books) | 1937? | |
Dùzhōu yuèbāo 渡舟月報 (Ship of Salvation Monthly)) | 1937 | |
Jìngzōng yuèkān 淨宗月刊 (Pure [Land] School Monthly) | 1948 | Wēiyuǎn 威遠, Sìchuān 四川 |
Juémí 覺迷 (Awakening Perplexity) | 1947? | |
Nèiyuàn zákān 內院雜刊 (Inner Hall Miscellany) | 19?? | Nánjīng 南京, Chinese Inner Studies Institute 支那內學院 |
Xuésēng tiāndì 學僧天地 (Learned Monastic World) | 1948 | |
Sìchuān fójiào yuèkān 四川佛教月刊 (Sichuan Buddhist Monthly) | 1926 | Chéngdū 成都 |
Zhèngxìn 正信 (Right Faith) | 1932 | Hànkǒu 漢口; Also published as Zhèngxìn zhōukān 正信周刊 and Zhèngxìn kàngzhàn bànyuèkān 正信抗戰半月刊 |
Zhèngxìn zhōukān 正信週刊 (Right Faith Weekly) | 1936 | Continuation of Zhèngxìn 正信 (Right Faith) |
Fóxué chūbǎn jiè 佛學出版界[2] (Buddhist Publishing World) | 1932 | Shànghǎi 上海 |
Fójiào zázhì 佛教雜志 (Buddhist Magazine) | 1934 | |
Fójiào jūshìlín tèkān 佛教居士林特刊 (Buddhist Lay Association Special Publication) | 1933? | |
Xiàndài sēngqié 現代僧伽 (Modern Sangha) | 1928 | Minnan Buddhist Seminary 閩南佛學院, later Cháozhōu 潮州 |
Xiàndài Fójiào 現代佛教 (Modern Buddhism) | 1932 | Continuation of Xiàndài sēngqié 現代僧伽 (Modern Sangha) |
Mìjiào jiǎngxí lù 密教講習錄 (Record of Lectures on Esotericism) | 19?? | |
Rén hǎidēng 人海燈 (Altar-Lamp of Humanity) | 1933 | Published in Xiàmén 廈門, Hong Kong 香港 and Shànghái 上海 |
Juéshè niánkān 覺社年刊 (Awakening Society Yearly) | 1934? | |
Sānjiào yuèkān 三教月刊 (Three Teachings Monthly) | 1935 | |
Quànshì wénkān 勸世文刊 (Literature to Exhort the World) | 1936? | |
Běipíng fójiàohuì yuèkān 北平佛教會月刊 (Běipíng Buddhist Association Monthly) | 1935 | Běijīng 北京 |
Shānxī Fójiào zázhì 山西佛教雜誌 (Shanxi Buddhist Magazine) | 1934 | |
Yōnghé gōng dǎoguān suǒ kānwù 雍和宮導觀所刊物 (Items Published by the Caretakers of the Yōnghé Temple) | 1934 | |
Bào'ēn Fóxuéyuàn yuànkān 報恩佛學院院刊 (Journal of the Bào'ēn Buddhist Seminary) | 1936? | |
Jìngtǔzōng yuèkān 淨土宗月刊 (Pure Land School Monthly) | 1935? | |
Zhōngguó Fójiàohuì bào 中國佛教會報 (Periodical of the Chinese Buddhist Association) | 1936? | |
Fóhuà 佛化 (Buddhism) | 1933 | |
Fójiào yǔ Fóxué 佛教與佛學 (Buddhism and Buddhist) | 1935 | Singapore |
Shǒushēng bào 守生報 (Guarding Life) | 1935? | |
Hùshēng bào Guānyīn zhuānkān 護生報觀音專刊 (Protecting Life - Special Edition on Guanyin) | 1935? | |
Hùshēng bào 護生報 (Protecting Life) | 1935? | |
Fóhǎidēng 佛海燈 (Lamp of the Buddha Sea) | 1935? | |
Fójiào túshūguǎn bàogào 佛教圖書館報告 (Report of the Buddhist Library) | 1936 | |
Fóguāng jìkān 佛光季刊 (Buddha-Light Quarterly) | 1949 | |
Hàn-Zàng jiàolǐyuàn lì'àn wénjiàn huìbiān 漢藏教理院立案文件彙編 (Collection of Registered Documents for the Sino-Tibetan Institute) | 1936 | |
Rì Huá Fójiào 日華佛教 (Sino-Japanese Buddhism) | 1936 | |
Tóngyuàn xuébào 同願學報 (Common Vow Journal) | 1940 | |
Cíháng huàbào 慈航畫報 (Ship of Compassion Illustrated) | 1933? | |
Rénjiān jué 人間覺 (Humanistic Awakening) | 1936 | Xiàmén 廈門 |
Fójiào gōnglùn 佛教公論 (Public Opinion on Buddhism) | 1936 | |
Liánshè huìkān 蓮社會刊 (Lotus Society) | 1934 | |
Dàshēng bào 大生報 (Great Life) | 1936 | |
Zhōngguó Fójiào xuéyuàn niánkān 中國佛教學院年刊 (Chinese Institute for Buddhist Studies Annual) | 19?? | |
Wēimiào shēng 微妙聲 (Subtle Voice) | 1936 | Běijīng 北京 by the Bodhi Study Society 菩提學會 |
Hùyuàn tèkān 護院特刊 (Special Edition on Hùyuàn) | 1936 | |
Juéjīn zázhì 覺津雜志 (Ferry of Awakening Magazine) | 1936 | |
Fóhuà xīnwén 佛話新聞 (Buddha's Speech News) | 1942? | |
Dōngyà Fójiào qīngnián hūshēng 東亞佛教青年呼聲 (The Call of East Asian Buddhist Youth) | 1938 | |
Fójiào nǚzhòng 佛教女眾 (Buddhist Women's Sangha) | 1937 | |
Fójiào jìkān 佛教季刊 (Buddhism Quarterly) | 1937 | |
Luóhàn cài zázhì (羅漢菜雜誌 Arhat’s Food Magazine) | 1939 | Shànghǎi 上海 |
Jué yǒuqíng 覺有情 (Bodhisattva) | 1939 | Shànghǎi 上海 |
Huánán juéyīn 華南覺音 (South China Voice of Awakening) | 1938 | |
Chénzhōng 晨鐘 (Morning Bell) | 1939 | |
Tóngyuàn 同願 (Common Vow) | 1940 | Běijīng 北京 |
Xīběi Fójiào zhōubào 西北佛教週報 (Northwest Buddhism Weekly) | 1940 | |
Fóhuà pínglùn 佛化評論 (Buddhist Critique) | 1940 | |
Juéyīn 覺音 (Voice of Awakening) | 1939 | Two publications appeared under this name, one in Hong Kong 香港 and one in Macao 澳門 |
Huáběi zōngjiào niánjiàn 華北宗教年鑑 (Almanac of Religion in North China) | 1941 | |
Shīzi hǒu yuèkān 獅子吼月刊 (Lion's Roar Monthly) | 1940 | |
Shīhǒu yuèkān 獅吼月刊 (Lion's Roar Monthly) | 1948 | |
Rénjiān Fójiào 人間佛教 (Humanistic Buddhism) | 1947 | Singapore 新加坡 |
Liánchíhuì wén 蓮池會聞 (Lotus Pond Assembly News) | 1941 | |
Dàxióng (Sìchuān) 大雄(四川) (Great Hero (Sìchuān)) | 1942 | |
Dàxióng (Shǎnxī) 大雄(陜西) (Great Hero (Shǎnxī)) | 1948 | |
Miàofǎ lún 妙法輪 (Wheel of the Wondrous Dharma) | 1943 | |
Fójiào wényì 佛教文藝 (Buddhist Literature and Arts) | 1943 | |
Zhōngguó Fójiào jìkān 中國佛教季刊 (Chinese Buddhism Quarterly) | 1943 | |
弘化月刊 (Spreading the Teaching Monthly) | 1941 | Shànghǎi 上海 |
Zhōngliú 中流[3] (Midstream) | 1947 | Published in Zhènjiāng 鎮江 |
Wénjiào cóngkān 文教叢刊 (Culture and Education Monograph Series) | 1945 | Nèijiāng 內江, Sìchuān 四川 |
Péidū Cíyúnsì sēnglǚ jiùhùduì jìniànkān 陪都慈雲寺僧侶救護隊紀念刊 (Memorial Edition for the Monastic Rescue Squad of Cíyún Temple in the War-time Capital) | 1945 | |
Juéqún zhōubào 覺群週報 (Awakening the Multitude Weekly News) | 1946 | Shànghǎi 上海 |
Yuányīn yuèkān 圓音月刊 (Buddha's Voice[4] Monthly) | 1947 | |
Juéxùn yuèkān 覺訊月刊 (Awakening News Monthly) | 1947 | Shànghǎi 上海 |
Shìjiān jiě 世間解 (Worldly Salvation) | 1947 | |
Táiwān Fójiào 臺灣佛教 (Taiwanese Buddhism) | 1947 | Not to be confused with the 台灣佛教 published in 1941 (see #127) |
Cíháng yuèkān 慈航月刊 (Ship of Compassion Monthly) | 1947 | |
Fójiào wénzhāi 佛教文摘 (Buddhist Digest) | 1947 | Wúxí 無錫, Jiāngsū 江蘇 |
Fójiào rénjiān 佛教人間 (Buddhist Humanity) | 1950? | Singapore |
Mǐnnán Fóxuéyuàn (qíkān) 閩南佛學院 (期刊) (Mǐnnán Buddhist Seminary) | 1943 | |
Nányíng Fójiào 南瀛佛教(South Seas Buddhism) | 1923 | Also known as South Seas Buddhist Association News (南瀛佛教會會報 1923 - January 1930) and Taiwanese Buddhism (台灣佛教 February 1941 - December 1941) |
Zhōngdào 中道 (Middle Way) | 1923 | Táizhōng 台中, Táiwān 台灣 |
Jìngyè yuèkān 淨業月刊 (Pure Karma Monthly) | 1926 | |
Sìchuān fójiào xúnkān 四川佛教旬刊 (Sìchuān Buddhism Weekly) | 1925? | |
Xiānluó Fójiào cóngtán 暹羅佛教叢譚 (Collected Discourses on Siamese Buddhism) | 19?? | |
Fóhuà xīnwén 佛化新聞[5] (Buddhist News) | 1927 | Chóngqìng 重慶, moved to Chéngdū 成都 in 1939 |
Shìjiè Fójiào júshìlín kèchéng guīyuē 世界佛教居士林課程規約 (Course Outline for the World Buddhist Lay Association) | 19?? | |
Fǎyǔ yuèbào 法雨月報 (Dharma Rain Monthly) | 1931 | |
Zhāngzhōu Nánshān xuéxiào xiàokān 漳州南山學校校刊 (School Journal of the Zhāngzhōu Nánshān School) | 1928 | |
Yínxiàn Fójiàohuì huìkān 鄞縣佛教會會刊 (Journal of the Yín County Buddhist Association) | 1934 | |
Xǐ bào 喜報 (Good News) | 19?? | |
Huìdēng yuèkān 慧燈月刊 (Lamp of Wisdom Monthly) | 1942? | |
Jìngfó yuèkān 敬佛月刊 (Honoured Buddha Monthly) | 1935 | |
Guānzōng gàikuàng 觀宗概況 (General Report on the Guānzōng [School]) | 1936? | |
Dàchéng yuèkān 大乘月刊 (Mahāyāna Monthly) | 1939? | |
Wúxī Fójiào jìngyèzhè niánkān 無錫佛教淨業社年刊 (Wúxī Buddhist Pure Karma Society Annual) | 1937 | |
Hóng'áo jí 鴻嗷輯 (Cry of the Starving) | 1934 | |
Xīzāi zhuānkān 息灾專刊 (Special Edition on Disaster Relief) | 1928? | |
Tiānjīn Fójiào júshìlín línkān 天津佛教居士林林刊 (Journal of the Tiānjīn Lay Buddhist Association) | 1928? | |
Nánxūn jí 南詢集 (Collection of Southern Inquiries)[6] | 1935 | |
Mògānshān liánshè tèkān 莫干山蓮社特刊 (Special Edition on the Mògān Mountain Lotus Society) | 1937 | |
Shānxī Fójiào yuèkān 山西佛教月刊 (Shānxī Buddhism Monthly) | 1929 | |
Fójiào shūjú túshū mùlù 佛教書局圖書目錄 (Index of Books by Buddhist Publishers) | 1930? | |
Hǎicháo yīn 海潮音 (Sound of the Sea Tide) | 1920 | Shànghǎi, Hángzhōu, Běijīng, Hánkǒu, Wǔchāng, Chóngqìng, Nánjīng; Originally published as Juéshè cóngshū 覺社叢書 in 1918 |
Fóhuà 佛化 (The Decadal Edition is Buddhism)[7] | 1921 | Shànghǎi 上海; See also the later periodical of the same name (#072) |
Fóxué huìkān 佛學匯刊 (Collectanea of Buddhism) | 1923 | Shànghǎi 上海; Only two issues published |
Hónghuà tèkān 宏化特刊 (Special Edition on Vast Conversion) | 1922 | Shànghǎi 上海 |
Bānchán dōnglái jì 班禪東來記 (Record of the Panchen Lama's Visit to the East) | 1925 | Shànghǎi 上海 |
(Wǔchāng) Fóxuéyuàn dìyībān tóngxuélù (武昌)佛學院第一班同學錄 (Record of the First Class of the (Wǔchāng) Buddhist Seminary) | 1924 | |
Táiwān Fójiào xīnbào 臺灣佛教新報 (Taiwanese Buddhist News) | 1925 | Táiběi 臺北 |
Sūchéng yǐnpín huì xúnkān 蘇城隱貧會旬刊 (Weekly Publication of the Sūzhōu Association for the Poor) | 1925 | Sūzhōu 蘇州 |
Sūchéng yǐnpín huì xúnkān huìbiān 蘇城隱貧會旬刊匯編 (Collected Articles from the Weekly Publication of the Sūzhōu Association for the Poor) | 1926 | Sūzhōu 蘇州 |
Juéshè cóngshū xuǎnběn 覺社叢書選本 (Selected Writings from the Awakening Society Collectanea) | 1925? | Wǔchāng 武昌 |
(Shànghǎi) Fóhuà xúnkān (上海)佛化旬刊 (Buddhist Weekly (Shànghǎi)) | 1925 | Shànghǎi 上海 |
Fóhuà jìkān 佛化季刊 (Buddhist Quarterly) | 1925 | Cháoān 潮安? - Single Issue |
Shìjiè Fójiào jūshìlín quànmù jījīnhuì tèkān 世界佛教居士林勸募基金會特刊 (Special Publication from the Fund-raising Committee of the World Lay Buddhist Association) | 1925 | Shànghǎi 上海 |
Jiāyīnshè zhōukān 迦音社周刊 (The Buddha's Voice Society Weekly) | 1925 | Hángzhōu 杭州 - Only one issue (#67) in MFQB |
Jīnguāngmíng fǎhuì tèkān 金光明法會特刊 (Special Publication of the Jīnguāngmíng Dharma Assembly) | 1926 | Tiānjīn 天津 - Single Issue |
Xīndēng 心燈 (Light of the Mind) | 1926 | Shànghǎi 上海 |
Zhōngguó Fóxué 中國佛學 (Chinese Buddhism) | 1928 | Nánjīng 南京 - Single Issue |
Zàngmín shēnglèi 藏民聲涙[8] (Tearful Cry of the Tibetan People) | 1928 | Nánjīng 南京 - Single Issue |
Chén zhōng 晨鐘 (Morning Bell) | 1927 | Sūzhōu 蘇州 - Only three issues published |
Fóbǎo xúnkān 佛寶旬刊 (Buddha Treasures Weekly) | 1927 | Běijīng 北京 |
Zhōnghuá mínguó Fójiào jīguān diàochá lù 中華民國佛教機關調查錄 (Record of the Investigation into Buddhist Organizations in the Republic of China) | 1929 | Tài county 泰縣, Jiāngsū 江蘇 - Only two issues published |
Zhèjiāng quánshěng Fójiàohuì xún (yuè) kān 浙江全省佛教會旬(月)刊 (All-Zhèjiāng Buddhist Association Weekly (Monthly)) | 1928 | Hángzhōu 杭州 - Changed to a monthly in 1929 |
Huàfó zàoxiàng 化佛造像 (Images of Huàfó) | 1929 | Shànghǎi 上海 - Showcases the Buddha images of Qián Sūhàn 錢蘇漢, also called Huàfó 化佛; Only one issue (#1) in MFQB |
Cíháng 慈航 (Raft of Compassion) | 1929 | Shànghǎi 上海 - Only one issue (#2) in MFQB |
Zhōng shēng 鐘聲 (Sound of the Bell) | 1930 | Shànghǎi 上海 - Single Issue |
Nèiyuàn zákān (Fófǎ fēi zōngjiào fēi zhéxué) 內院雜刊(佛法非宗教非哲學) (Inner Studies Institute Magazine - Buddhism is Neither Religion Nor Philosophy Edition) | 1937? | Nánjīng? 南京 - Single Issue |
Jiāngnán jiǔhuá fóxuéyuàn yuànkān 江南九華佛學院院刊 (Publication of the Jiǔhuá, Jiāngnán Buddhist Studies Institute) | 1931 | Shànghǎi 上海 - Single Issue |
Xīnán hépíng fǎhuì tèkān 西南和平法會特刊 (Special Publication of the Southeast Dharma Assembly for Peace) | 1931 | Chóngqìng 重慶 - Single Issue |
Jiěxīng jīngshè dìyīcì tèkān 解行精舍第一次特刊 (First Special Publication of the Jiěxíng Hermitage) | 1932 | Guǎngzhōu 廣州 - Single Issue |
Táiwān Fójiào 台灣佛教 (Taiwanese Buddhism) | 1947 | Táiběi 台北, Táiwān 台灣 |
Xiānghǎi Fóhuà kān 香海佛化刊 (Fragrant Ocean Buddhist Periodical) | 1932 | Hong Kong 香港 |
Guǎngcháng shé 廣長舌 (Broad and Long Tongue) | 1930 | Shànghǎi 上海 |
Zhèngjué zázhì 正覺雜誌 (True Enlightenment Magazine) | 1930 | Běijīng 北京 |
Notes