1. In Japan, this term, pronounced Tōmitsu, refers to the esoteric Buddhism of the Shingon School 真言宗.
2. In China, in the early 20th century, this term came to refer to all Japanese Buddhism, in contradistinction to Western", or Tibetan, Esoteric Buddhism 西密. Although the term meant Japanese Esoteric Buddhism generally, in practice, most of those promoted Japanese Buddhism in China had studied in only the Shingon School.
Notable Proponents in China:
Dàyǒng 大勇
Chísōng 持松