| Line 2: | Line 2: | ||
| - | {| | + | {| style="width: 977px; height: 8752px;" border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="3"<col width="122"><col width="153"><col width="95"><col width="306"><col width="166"><col width="66"><tbody> |
| - | | | + | | bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="122" | <p>Western Year <font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">西歷</span></font></p> |
| - | | | + | | bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="153" | <p>Sexagenary Cycle<sup>1</sup><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">干支</span></font></p> |
| - | | | + | | bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="95" | <p>Buddhist Year<sup>2<br></sup><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">佛歷</span></font></p> |
| - | | | + | | bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="306" | <p>Era Names <font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">年號</span></font></p> |
| - | | | + | | bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="166" | <p>Political / Historical Events<sup>3</sup></p> |
| - | | | + | | bgcolor="#c0c0c0" width="66" | <p>Buddhist / Religious Events</p> |
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1850</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>gengxu</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">庚戌</span></font></p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2394</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="306" | <p>Daoguang <font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">道光 |
| - | </ | + | </span></font>30<br> |
| - | </ | + | [Japan] Kaei <font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">嘉永 |
| - | | | + | </span></font>3</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="166" | <p><b>Feb. 25</b> Daoguang Emperor dies</p> |
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1851</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>xinhai</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">辛亥</span></font><br> |
| - | 1</ | + | Feb. |
| - | | | + | 1</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2395</p> |
| - | </ | + | | width="306" | <p>Xianfeng <font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">咸豐 |
| - | </ | + | </span></font>1<br> |
| - | | | + | [Taiping] Yuannian <font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">元年 |
| - | begins< | + | </span></font>1<br> |
| - | begins< | + | [Japan] Kaei 4</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="166" | <p><b>Jan. 31</b> Daoguang era ends<br><b>Feb. 1</b> Xianfeng era |
| + | begins<br> | ||
| + | Taiping Rebellion begins<br> | ||
| + | Nian Rebellion | ||
| + | begins<br> | ||
| + | Taiping Yuannian era begins</p> | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1852</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>renzi</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">任子</span></font><br> |
| - | 20</ | + | Feb. |
| - | | | + | 20</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2396</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="306" | <p>Xianfeng 2<br> |
| - | | | + | [Taiping] Yuannian 2<br> |
| + | [Japan] Kaei 5</p> | ||
| + | | width="166" | <p><b>April-May</b> Tiaping forces lay siege to Guilin</p> | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1853</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>guichou</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">癸丑</span></font><br> |
| - | 8</ | + | Feb. |
| - | | | + | 8</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2397</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="306" | <p>Xianfeng 3<br> |
| - | Taiping army seizes Nanjing</ | + | [Taiping] Yuannian 3<br> |
| - | | | + | [Japan] Kaei 6</p> |
| + | | width="166" | <p><b>Jan. 12</b> Taiping army occupies Wuchang<br><b>Mar. 20</b> | ||
| + | Taiping army seizes Nanjing</p> | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1854</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>jiayin</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">甲寅</span></font><br> |
| - | 29</ | + | Jan. |
| - | | | + | 29</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2398</p> |
| - | Ansei < | + | | width="306" | <p>Xianfeng 4<br> |
| - | | | + | [Taiping] Yuannian 4<br> |
| - | 31</ | + | [Japan] Kaei 7<br> |
| - | 27</ | + | [Japan] |
| - | | | + | Ansei <font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">安政 </span></font>1</p> |
| + | | width="166" | <p>Chinese Maritime Customs Service established in Shanghai<br><b>Mar. | ||
| + | 31</b> Treaty of Kanagawa signed between US and Japan<br><b>Nov. | ||
| + | 27</b> Kaei era ends, Ansei era begins in Japan</p> | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1855</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>yimao</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">乙卯</span></font><br> |
| - | 17</ | + | Feb. |
| - | | | + | 17</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2399</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="306" | <p>Xianfeng 5<br> |
| - | | | + | [Taiping] Yuannian 5<br> |
| + | [Japan] Ansei 2</p> | ||
| + | | width="166" | <p><b>Mar. 17</b> Taiping army invades Anhui</p> | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1856</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>bingchen</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">丙辰</span></font><br> |
| - | 6</ | + | Feb. |
| - | | | + | 6</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2400</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="306" | <p>Xianfeng 6<br> |
| - | to the Second Opium War< | + | [Taiping] Yuannian 6<br> |
| - | | | + | [Japan] Ansei 3</p> |
| + | | width="166" | <p><b>Oct. 8</b> The "Arrow incident" which would lead | ||
| + | to the Second Opium War<br> | ||
| + | Start of the Panthay Rebellion</p> | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1857</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>dingsi</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">丁巳</span></font><br> |
| - | 26</ | + | Jan. |
| - | | | + | 26</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2401</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="306" | <p>Xianfeng 7<br> |
| - | war on China</ | + | [Taiping] Yuannian 7<br> |
| - | | | + | [Japan] Ansei 4</p> |
| + | | width="166" | <p><b>Mar. 3</b> The United Kingdom and France formally declare | ||
| + | war on China</p> | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1858</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>wuwu</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">戊午</span></font><br> |
| - | 14</ | + | Feb. |
| - | | | + | 14</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2402</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="306" | <p>Xianfeng 8<br> |
| - | Tianjin signed, temporarily ending Second Opium War< | + | [Taiping] Yuannian 8<br> |
| - | Harris Treaty signed between US and Japan</ | + | [Japan] Ansei 5</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="166" | <p><b>May 28</b> Treaty of Aigun signed<br><b>June</b> Treaties of |
| + | Tianjin signed, temporarily ending Second Opium War<br><b>July 29</b> | ||
| + | Harris Treaty signed between US and Japan</p> | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1859</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>jiwei</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">己未</span></font><br> |
| - | 3</ | + | Feb. |
| - | | | + | 3</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2403</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="306" | <p>Xianfeng 9<br> |
| - | | | + | [Taiping] Yuannian 9<br> |
| + | [Japan] Ansei 6</p> | ||
| + | | width="166" | <p><b>June 25</b> Dagu fort repels British naval force at Tianjin</p> | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1860</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>gengshen</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">庚申</span></font><br> |
| - | 23</ | + | Jan. |
| - | | | + | 23</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2404</p> |
| - | Man'en < | + | | width="306" | <p>Xianfeng 10<br> |
| - | | | + | [Taiping] Yuannian 10<br> |
| - | 18</ | + | [Japan] Ansei 7<br> |
| - | War< | + | [Japan] |
| - | | | + | Man'en <font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">万延 </span></font>1</p> |
| + | | width="166" | <p><b>Mar. 18</b> Ansei era ends, Man'en era begins in Japan<br><b>Oct. | ||
| + | 18</b> Convention of Peking signed, ending the Second Opium | ||
| + | War<br><b>Oct.</b> Destruction of the Summer Palaces</p> | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1861</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>xinyou</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">辛酉</span></font><br> |
| - | 10</ | + | Feb. |
| - | | | + | 10</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2405</p> |
| - | Bunkyū < | + | | width="306" | <p>Xianfeng 11<br> |
| - | | | + | [Taiping] Yuannian 11<br> |
| - | Man'en era ends, Bunkyū era begins in Japan</ | + | Japan] Man'en 2<br> |
| - | | | + | [Japan] |
| + | Bunkyū <font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">文久 </span></font>1</p> | ||
| + | | width="166" | <p>Zongli Yamen (Foreign Office) established<br><b>Feb. 19</b> | ||
| + | Man'en era ends, Bunkyū era begins in Japan</p> | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1862</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>renxu</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">任戌</span></font><br> |
| - | 30</ | + | Jan. |
| - | | | + | 30</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2406</p> |
| - | </ | + | | width="306" | <p>Tongzhi <font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">同治 |
| - | | | + | </span></font>1<br> |
| - | Xianfeng era ends< | + | [Taiping] Yuannian 12<br> |
| - | the | + | [Japan] Bunkyū 2</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="166" | <p>Tongwen Guan foreign language school established<br><b>Jan. 29</b> |
| + | Xianfeng era ends<br><b>Jan. 30</b> Tongzhi era begins<br> | ||
| + | First of | ||
| + | the "Dungan Revolts"</p> | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1863</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>guihai</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">癸亥</span></font><br> |
| - | 18</ | + | Feb. |
| - | | | + | 18</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2407</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="306" | <p>Tongzhi 2<br> |
| - | | | + | [Taiping] Yuannian 13<br> |
| + | [Japan] Bunkyū 3</p> | ||
| + | | width="166" | | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1864</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i><b>jiazi</b></i><b></b><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW"><b>甲子</b></span></font><b><br></b><span style="font-weight: normal;">Feb. |
| - | 8</ | + | 8</span></p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2408</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="306" | <p>Tongzhi 3<br> |
| - | 4< | + | [Taiping] Yuannian 14<br> |
| - | | | + | [Japan] Bunkyū |
| - | 27</ | + | 4<br> |
| - | | | + | [Japan] Genji <font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">元治 </span></font>1</p> |
| + | | width="166" | <p>Most territories of the Taiping reclaimed by the Qing<br><b>Mar. | ||
| + | 27</b> Bunkyū era ends, Genji era begins in Japan</p> | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1865</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>yichou</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">乙丑</span></font><br> |
| - | 27</ | + | Jan. |
| - | | | + | 27</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2409</p> |
| - | 2< | + | | width="306" | <p>Tongzhi 4<br> |
| - | </ | + | [Taiping] Yuannian 15<br> |
| - | | | + | [Japan] Genji |
| - | 25</ | + | 2<br> |
| - | | | + | [Japan] Keiō <font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">慶応 |
| + | </span></font>1</p> | ||
| + | | width="166" | <p><b>May 1</b> Genji era ends, Keiō era begins in Japan<br><b>June | ||
| + | 25</b> James Hudson Taylor founds the China Inland Mission</p> | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1866</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>bingyin</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">丙寅</span></font><br> |
| - | 15</ | + | Feb. |
| - | | | + | 15</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2410</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="306" | <p>Tongzhi 5<br> |
| - | | | + | [Taiping] Yuannian 16<br> |
| + | [Japan] Keiō 2</p> | ||
| + | | width="166" | | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1867</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>dingmao</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">丁卯</span></font><br> |
| - | 5</ | + | Feb. |
| - | | | + | 5</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2411</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="306" | <p>Tongzhi 6<br> |
| - | 3</ | + | [Taiping] Yuannian 17<br> |
| - | | | + | [Japan] Keiō 3</p> |
| + | | width="166" | <p><b>Jan. 30</b> Death of Emperor Kōmei <font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">孝明天皇</span></font><br><b>Feb. | ||
| + | 3</b> Abdication of Shogun Tokugawa Yoshinobu</p> | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1868</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>wuchen</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">戊辰</span></font><br> |
| - | 25</ | + | Jan. |
| - | | | + | 25</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2412</p> |
| - | 4< | + | | width="306" | <p>Tongzhi 7<br> |
| - | | | + | [Taiping] Yuannian 18<br> |
| - | 3</ | + | [Japan] Keiō |
| - | Yangzhou riots against foreign missionary presence in China< | + | 4<br> |
| - | 23</ | + | [Japan] Meiji <font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">明治 </span></font>1</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="166" | <p>Taiping Yuannian era ends<br> |
| + | End of the Nian Rebellion<br><b>Jan. | ||
| + | 3</b> Meiji Emperor proclaims his restoration<br><b>Aug. 22-23</b> | ||
| + | Yangzhou riots against foreign missionary presence in China<br><b>Oct. | ||
| + | 23</b> Meiji era begins in Japan</p> | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1869</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>jisi</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">己巳</span></font><br> |
| - | 11</ | + | Feb. |
| - | | | + | 11</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2413</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="306" | <p>Tongzhi 8<br> |
| - | | | + | [Japan] Meiji 2</p> |
| + | | width="166" | | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1870</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>gengwu</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">庚午</span></font><br> |
| - | 31</ | + | Jan. |
| - | | | + | 31</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2414</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="306" | <p>Tongzhi 9<br> |
| - | | | + | [Japan] Meiji 3</p> |
| + | | width="166" | | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1871</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>xinwei</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">辛未</span></font><br> |
| - | 19</ | + | Feb. |
| - | | | + | 19</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2415</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="306" | <p>Tongzhi 10<br> |
| - | | | + | [Japan] Meiji 4</p> |
| + | | width="166" | | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1872</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>renshen</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">壬申</span></font><br> |
| - | 9</ | + | Feb. |
| - | | | + | 9</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2416</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="306" | <p>Tongzhi 11<br> |
| - | | | + | [Japan] Meiji 5</p> |
| + | | width="166" | | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1873</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>guiyou</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">癸酉</span></font><br> |
| - | 29</ | + | Jan. |
| - | | | + | 29</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2417</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="306" | <p>Tongzhi 12<br> |
| - | | | + | [Japan] Meiji 6</p> |
| + | | width="166" | <p>Panthay Rebellion ends</p> | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1874</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>jiaxu</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">甲戌</span></font><br> |
| - | 17</ | + | Feb. |
| - | | | + | 17</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2418</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="306" | <p>Tongzhi 13<br> |
| - | | | + | [Japan] Meiji 7</p> |
| + | | width="166" | | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1875</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>yihai</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">乙亥</span></font><br> |
| - | 6</ | + | Feb. |
| - | | | + | 6</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2419</p> |
| - | Meiji 8</ | + | | width="306" | <p>Guangxu <font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">光緒 </span></font>1<br> |
| - | | | + | [Japan] |
| - | assumes the throne< | + | Meiji 8</p> |
| - | Guangxu era begins</ | + | | width="166" | <p><b>Jan. 12</b> Death of the Tongzhi emperor; Guangxu emperor |
| - | | | + | assumes the throne<br><b>Feb. 5</b> Tongzhi era ends<br><b>Feb. 6</b> |
| + | Guangxu era begins</p> | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1876</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>bingzi</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">丙子</span></font><br> |
| - | 26</ | + | Jan. |
| - | | | + | 26</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2420</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="306" | <p>Guangxu 2<br> |
| - | | | + | [Japan] Meiji 9</p> |
| + | | width="166" | | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1877</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>dingchou</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">丁丑</span></font><br> |
| - | 13</ | + | Feb. |
| - | | | + | 13</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2421</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="306" | <p>Guangxu 3<br> |
| - | | | + | [Japan] Meiji 10</p> |
| + | | width="166" | <p>Last of the "Dungan rebellions" is suppressed</p> | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1878</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>wuyin</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">戊寅</span></font><br> |
| - | 2</ | + | Feb. |
| - | | | + | 2</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2422</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="306" | <p>Guangxu 4<br> |
| - | | | + | [Japan] Meiji 11</p> |
| + | | width="166" | | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1879</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>yimao</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">己卯</span></font><br> |
| - | 22</ | + | Jan. |
| - | | | + | 22</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2423</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="306" | <p>Guangxu 5<br> |
| - | | | + | [Japan] Meiji 12</p> |
| + | | width="166" | | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1880</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>gengchen</i> <font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">庚辰</span></font><br> |
| - | 10</ | + | Feb. |
| - | | | + | 10</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2424</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="306" | <p>Guangxu 6<br> |
| - | | | + | [Japan] Meiji 13</p> |
| + | | width="166" | | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1881</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>xinsi</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">辛巳</span></font><br> |
| - | 30</ | + | Jan. |
| - | | | + | 30</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2425</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="306" | <p>Guangxu 7<br> |
| - | | | + | [Japan] Meiji 14</p> |
| + | | width="166" | | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1882</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>renwu</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">壬午</span></font><br> |
| - | 18</ | + | Feb. |
| - | | | + | 18</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2426</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="306" | <p>Guangxu 8<br> |
| - | | | + | [Japan] Meiji 15</p> |
| + | | width="166" | <p><b>July</b> Rioters attack Japanese legation in Seoul, Korea</p> | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1883</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>guiwei</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">癸未</span></font><br> |
| - | 8</ | + | Feb. |
| - | | | + | 8</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2427</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="306" | <p>Guangxu 9<br> |
| - | | | + | [Japan] Meiji 16</p> |
| + | | width="166" | <p><b>Fall</b> Sino-French war begins in Vietnam</p> | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1884</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>jiashen</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">甲申</span></font><br> |
| - | 28</ | + | Jan. |
| - | | | + | 28</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2428</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="306" | <p>Guangxu 10<br> |
| - | 4</ | + | [Japan] Meiji 17</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="166" | <p><b>August</b> Battle of Fuzhou between France and China<br><b>Dec. |
| + | 4</b> Capsin Coup briefly overthrows government of Korea</p> | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1885</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>yiyou</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">乙酉</span></font><br> |
| - | 15</ | + | Feb. |
| - | | | + | 15</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2429</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="306" | <p>Guangxu 11<br> |
| - | War< | + | [Japan] Meiji 18</p> |
| - | Sino-French War</ | + | | width="166" | <p><b>April 4</b> Peace protocol proclaimed in Sino-French |
| - | | | + | War<br><b>June 9</b> Li Hongzhang signs the treaty that ends the |
| + | Sino-French War</p> | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1886</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>bingxu</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">丙戌</span></font><br> |
| - | 4</ | + | Feb. |
| - | | | + | 4</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2430</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="306" | <p>Guangxu 12<br> |
| - | | | + | [Japan] Meiji 19</p> |
| + | | width="166" | | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1887</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>dinghai</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">丁亥</span></font><br> |
| - | 24</ | + | Jan. |
| - | | | + | 24</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2431</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="306" | <p>Guangxu 13<br> |
| - | | | + | [Japan] Meiji 20</p> |
| + | | width="166" | <p>Japan annexes Iwo Jima</p> | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1888</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>wuzi</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">戊子</span></font><br> |
| - | 12</ | + | Feb. |
| - | | | + | 12</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2432</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="306" | <p>Guangxu 14<br> |
| - | | | + | [Japan] Meiji 21</p> |
| + | | width="166" | | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1889</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>jichou</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">己丑</span></font><br> |
| - | 31</ | + | Jan. |
| - | | | + | 31</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2433</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="306" | <p>Guangxu 15<br> |
| - | | | + | [Japan] Meiji 22</p> |
| + | | width="166" | <p><b>Feb. 11</b> Meiji Constitution of Japan proclaimed</p> | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1890</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>gengyin</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">庚寅</span></font><br> |
| - | 21</ | + | Jan. |
| - | | | + | 21</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2434</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="306" | <p>Guangxu 16<br> |
| - | | | + | [Japan] Meiji 23</p> |
| + | | width="166" | | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1891</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>xinmao</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">辛卯</span></font><br> |
| - | 9</ | + | Feb. |
| - | | | + | 9</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2435</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="306" | <p>Guangxu 17<br> |
| - | | | + | [Japan] Meiji 24</p> |
| + | | width="166" | | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1892</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>renchen</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">壬辰</span></font><br> |
| - | 30</ | + | Jan. |
| - | | | + | 30</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2436</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="306" | <p>Guangxu 18<br> |
| - | | | + | [Japan] Meiji 25</p> |
| + | | width="166" | | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1893</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>guisi</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">癸巳</span></font><br> |
| - | 17</ | + | Feb. |
| - | | | + | 17</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2437</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="306" | <p>Guangxu 19<br> |
| - | | | + | [Japan] Meiji 26</p> |
| + | | width="166" | | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1894</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>jiawu</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">甲午</span></font><br> |
| - | 6</ | + | Feb. |
| - | | | + | 6</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2438</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="306" | <p>Guangxu 20<br> |
| - | Japan occupies Port Arthur</ | + | [Japan] Meiji 27</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="166" | <p><b>Aug. 1</b> Start of First Sino-Japanese War<br><b>Nov. 21</b> |
| + | Japan occupies Port Arthur</p> | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1895</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>yiwei</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">乙未</span></font><br> |
| - | 26</ | + | Jan. |
| - | | | + | 26</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2439</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="306" | <p>Guangxu 21<br> |
| - | Sino-Japanese War< | + | [Japan] Meiji 28</p> |
| - | proclaim Republic of Formosa< | + | | width="166" | <p><b>Apr. 17</b> Treaty of Shimonoseki signed, ending the First |
| - | in Jilong, Taiwan< | + | Sino-Japanese War<br><b>May 25</b> Qing officials in Taiwan |
| - | Taiwan< | + | proclaim Republic of Formosa<br><b>May 29</b> Japanese troops land |
| - | Yuan Shikai appointed general of nacent New Army</ | + | in Jilong, Taiwan<br><b>Oct. 23</b> Formosa resistance ended in |
| - | | | + | Taiwan<br><b>Oct. 26</b> Failed uprising in Guangzhou<br><b>Dec. 8</b> |
| + | Yuan Shikai appointed general of nacent New Army</p> | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1896</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>bingshen</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">丙申</span></font><br> |
| - | 13</ | + | Feb. |
| - | | | + | 13</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2440</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="306" | <p>Guangxu 22<br> |
| - | | | + | [Japan] Meiji 29</p> |
| + | | width="166" | | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1897</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>dingyou</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">丁酉</span></font><br> |
| - | 2</ | + | Feb. |
| - | | | + | 2</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2441</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="306" | <p>Guangxu 23<br> |
| - | | | + | [Japan] Meiji 30</p> |
| + | | width="166" | | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1898</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>wuxu</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">戊戌</span></font><br> |
| - | 22</ | + | Jan. |
| - | | | + | 22</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2442</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="306" | <p>Guangxu 24<br> |
| - | 99 years< | + | [Japan] Meiji 31</p> |
| - | Arthur)< | + | | width="166" | <p><b>Mar. 6</b> German Empire leases Jiaozhou Bay (Qingdao) for |
| - | Guangzhou< | + | 99 years<br><b>March</b> Russia leases Guandong territory (Port |
| - | Reform | + | Arthur)<br><b>May 27</b> France occupies Guangzhouwan in |
| - | the Qing</ | + | Guangzhou<br><b>Jun. 11 - Sept. 21</b> "Hundred Days |
| - | | | + | Reform"<br><b>Sept.</b> Emperess Dowager assumes regency of |
| + | the Qing</p> | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1899</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>jihai</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">己亥</span></font><br> |
| - | 10</ | + | Feb. |
| - | | | + | 10</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2443</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="306" | <p>Guangxu 25<br> |
| - | | | + | [Japan] Meiji 32</p> |
| + | | width="166" | | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1900</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>gengzi</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">庚子</span></font><br> |
| - | 31</ | + | Jan. |
| - | | | + | 31</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2444</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="306" | <p>Guangxu 26<br> |
| - | Boxer forces attack foreign compounds in Beijing and Tianjin< | + | [Japan] Meiji 33</p> |
| - | 14</ | + | | width="166" | <p><b>Jan. 2</b> Open Door Policy for China announced in U.S.<br><b>June</b> |
| - | | | + | Boxer forces attack foreign compounds in Beijing and Tianjin<br><b>Aug. |
| + | 14</b> International troops invade Beijing</p> | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1901</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>xinchou</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">辛丑</span></font><br> |
| - | 19</ | + | Feb. |
| - | | | + | 19</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2445</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="306" | <p>Guangxu 27<br> |
| - | | | + | [Japan] Meiji 34</p> |
| + | | width="166" | <p><b>Sept. 7</b> Boxer Protocol signed</p> | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1902</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>renyin</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">壬寅</span></font><br> |
| - | 8</ | + | Feb. |
| - | | | + | 8</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2446</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="306" | <p>Guangxu 28<br> |
| - | Minister of Beiyang</ | + | [Japan] Meiji 35</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="166" | <p><b>June 25</b> New Army renamed Beiyang army, Yuan named |
| + | Minister of Beiyang</p> | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1903</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>guimao</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">癸卯</span></font><br> |
| - | 29</ | + | Jan. |
| - | | | + | 29</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2447</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="306" | <p>Guangxu 29<br> |
| - | | | + | [Japan] Meiji 36</p> |
| + | | width="166" | | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1904</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>jiachen</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">甲辰</span></font><br> |
| - | 16</ | + | Feb. |
| - | | | + | 16</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2448</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="306" | <p>Guangxu 30<br> |
| - | Battle of Port Arthur</ | + | [Japan] Meiji 37</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="166" | <p><b>Feb. 8</b> Start of Russo-Japanaese War<br><b>Feb. 9</b> |
| + | Battle of Port Arthur</p> | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1905</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>yisi</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">乙巳</span></font><br> |
| - | 4</ | + | Feb. |
| - | | | + | 4</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2449</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="306" | <p>Guangxu 31<br> |
| - | 10/20</ | + | [Japan] Meiji 38</p> |
| - | Examination system abolished< | + | | width="166" | <p><b>Feb. 19-Mar. 10</b> Battle of Mukden (Shenyang)<br><b>Aug. |
| - | Portsmouth ends Russo-Japanese War</ | + | 10/20</b> Founding of Tongmenghui in Tokyo<br><b>Sept. 2</b> |
| - | | | + | Examination system abolished<br><b>Sept. 5</b> Treaty of |
| + | Portsmouth ends Russo-Japanese War</p> | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1906</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>bingwu</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">丙午</span></font><br> |
| - | 25</ | + | Jan. |
| - | | | + | 25</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2450</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="306" | <p>Guangxu 32<br> |
| - | | | + | [Japan] Meiji 39</p> |
| + | | width="166" | | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1907</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>dingwei</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">丁未</span></font><br> |
| - | 13</ | + | Feb. |
| - | | | + | 13</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2451</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="306" | <p>Guangxu 33<br> |
| - | | | + | [Japan] Meiji 40</p> |
| + | | width="166" | | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1908</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>wushen</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">戊申</span></font><br> |
| - | 2</ | + | Feb. |
| - | | | + | 2</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2452</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="306" | <p>Guangxu 34<br> |
| - | | | + | [Japan] Meiji 41</p> |
| + | | width="166" | | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1909</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>jiyou</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">己酉</span></font><br> |
| - | 22</ | + | Jan. |
| - | | | + | 22</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2453</p> |
| - | </ | + | | width="306" | <p>Xuantong <font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">宣統 |
| - | | | + | </span></font>1<br> |
| - | begins</ | + | [Japan] Meiji 42</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="166" | <p><b>Jan. 21</b> Guangxu era ends<br><b>Jan. 22</b> Xuantong era |
| + | begins</p> | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1910</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>gengxu</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">庚戌</span></font><br> |
| - | 10</ | + | Feb. |
| - | | | + | 10</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2454</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="306" | <p>Xuantong 2<br> |
| - | | | + | [Japan] Meiji 43</p> |
| + | | width="166" | | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1911</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>xinhai</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">辛亥</span></font><br> |
| - | 30</ | + | Jan. |
| - | | | + | 30</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2455</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="306" | <p>Xuantong 3<br> |
| - | | | + | [Japan] Meiji 44</p> |
| + | | width="166" | <p><b>Oct. 10</b> Wuchang Uprising, Xinhai revolution begins</p> | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1912</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>renzi</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">任子</span></font><br> |
| - | 18</ | + | Feb. |
| - | | | + | 18</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2456</p> |
| - | Meiji 45< | + | | width="306" | <p>Minguo <font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">民國 </span></font>1<br> |
| - | </ | + | [Japan] |
| - | | | + | Meiji 45<br> |
| - | begins< | + | [Japan] Taishō <font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">大正 |
| - | era ends< | + | </span></font>1</p> |
| - | of the ROC< | + | | width="166" | <p><b>Jan. 1</b> Republic of China proclaimed, Minguo era |
| - | begins in Japan< | + | begins<br><b>Feb. 12</b> Emperor Puyi formally abdicates, Xuantong |
| - | (Guomindang)</ | + | era ends<br><b>Mar. 10</b> Yuan Shikai takes office of President |
| - | | | + | of the ROC<br><b>July 30</b> Meiji era ends, Taishō era |
| + | begins in Japan<br><b>Aug. 25</b> Founding of the Republican Party | ||
| + | (Guomindang)</p> | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1913</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>guichou</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">癸丑</span></font><br> |
| - | 6</ | + | Feb. |
| - | | | + | 6</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2457</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="306" | <p>Minguo 2<br> |
| - | | | + | [Japan] Taishō 2</p> |
| + | | width="166" | <p><b>March 20</b> Song Jiaoren assassinated</p> | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1914</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>jiayin</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">甲寅</span></font><br> |
| - | 26</ | + | Jan. |
| - | | | + | 26</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2458</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="306" | <p>Minguo 3<br> |
| - | 7</ | + | [Japan] Taishō 3</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="166" | <p><b>Aug. 23</b> ROC cancels German lease of Jiaozhou Bay<br><b>Nov. |
| + | 7</b> Jiaozhou Bay occupied by Japan</p> | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1915</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>yimao</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">乙卯</span></font><br> |
| - | 14</ | + | Feb. |
| - | | | + | 14</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2459</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="306" | <p>Minguo 4<br> |
| - | Chinese government</ | + | [Japan] Taishō 4</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="166" | <p><b>Jan. 18</b> Japan's Twenty-One Demands delivered to the |
| + | Chinese government</p> | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1916</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>bingchen</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">丙辰</span></font><br> |
| - | 3</ | + | Feb. |
| - | | | + | 3</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2460</p> |
| - | 5</ | + | | width="306" | <p>Minguo 5<br> |
| - | | | + | [Chinese Empire] Hongxian 1<br> |
| - | China< | + | [Japan] Taishō |
| - | Emperor< | + | 5</p> |
| - | + | | width="166" | <p><b>Jan. 1</b> Yuan Shikai proclaimed Emperor of the Empire of | |
| - | | | + | China<br><b>Mar. 22</b> Yuan Shikai abandons status of |
| + | Emperor<br><b>June 5/6</b> Yuan Shikai dies<br> | ||
| + | Start of the | ||
| + | "Warlord Era"</p> | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1917</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>dingsi</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">丁巳</span></font><br> |
| - | 23</ | + | Jan. |
| - | | | + | 23</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2461</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="306" | <p>Minguo 6<br> |
| - | Xun< | + | [Japan] Taishō 6</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="166" | <p><b>July 1</b> Qing Dynasty proclaimed restored by Zhang |
| + | Xun<br><b>July 12</b> Qing restoration abandoned</p> | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1918</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>wuwu</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">戊午</span></font><br> |
| - | 11</ | + | Feb. |
| - | | | + | 11</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2462</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="306" | <p>Minguo 7<br> |
| - | | | + | [Japan] Taishō 7</p> |
| + | | width="166" | | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1919</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>jiwei</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">己未</span></font><br> |
| - | 1</ | + | Feb. |
| - | | | + | 1</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2463</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="306" | <p>Minguo 8<br> |
| - | Movement | + | [Japan] Taishō 8</p> |
| - | Chinese Republican Party in Shanghai</ | + | | width="166" | <p><b>May 4</b> Student demonstrations of the "May Fourth |
| - | | | + | Movement"<br><b>Oct. 10</b> Sun Yat-sen establishes the |
| + | Chinese Republican Party in Shanghai</p> | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1920</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>gengshen</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">庚申</span></font><br> |
| - | 19</ | + | Feb. |
| - | | | + | 19</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2464</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="306" | <p>Minguo 9<br> |
| - | | | + | [Japan] Taishō 9</p> |
| + | | width="166" | | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1921</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>xinyou</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">辛酉</span></font><br> |
| - | 8</ | + | Feb. |
| - | | | + | 8</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2465</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="306" | <p>Minguo 10<br> |
| - | | | + | [Japan] Taishō 10</p> |
| + | | width="166" | <p>Founding of the Chinese Communist Party</p> | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1922</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>renxu</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">任戌</span></font><br> |
| - | 28</ | + | Jan. |
| - | | | + | 28</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2466</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="306" | <p>Minguo 11<br> |
| - | | | + | [Japan] Taishō 11</p> |
| + | | width="166" | <p><b>Dec. 10</b> China regains soverignty of Jiaozhou Bay</p> | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1923</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>guihai</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">癸亥</span></font><br> |
| - | 16</ | + | Feb. |
| - | | | + | 16</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2467</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="306" | <p>Minguo 12<br> |
| - | | | + | [Japan] Taishō 12</p> |
| + | | width="166" | | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1924</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i><b>jiazi</b></i><b></b><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW"><b>甲子</b></span></font><b><br></b><span style="font-weight: normal;">Feb. |
| - | 5</ | + | 5</span></p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2468</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="306" | <p>Minguo 13<br> |
| - | | | + | [Japan] Taishō 13</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="166" | |
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1925</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>yichou</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">乙丑</span></font><br> |
| - | 24</ | + | Jan. |
| - | | | + | 24</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2469</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="306" | <p>Minguo 14<br> |
| - | movement in Shanghai</ | + | [Japan] Taishō 14</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="166" | <p><b>March 12</b> Sun Yat-sen dies<br><b>May 30</b> Labour |
| + | movement in Shanghai</p> | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1926</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>bingyin</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">丙寅</span></font><br> |
| - | 12</ | + | Feb. |
| - | | | + | 12</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2470</p> |
| - | </ | + | | width="306" | <p>Minguo 15<br> |
| - | | | + | [Japan] Taisho 15<br> |
| - | era begins in Japan</ | + | [Japan] Shōwa <font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">昭和 |
| - | | | + | </span></font>1</p> |
| + | | width="166" | <p><b>Dec. 25</b> Taisho emperor dies, Taisho era ends, Shōwa | ||
| + | era begins in Japan</p> | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1927</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>dingmao</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">丁卯</span></font><br> |
| - | 2</ | + | Feb. |
| - | | | + | 2</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2471</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="306" | <p>Minguo 16<br> |
| - | | | + | [Japan] Shōwa 2</p> |
| + | | width="166" | | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1928</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>wuchen</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">戊辰</span></font><br> |
| - | 22</ | + | Jan. |
| - | | | + | 22</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2472</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="306" | <p>Minguo 17<br> |
| - | Kantojun forces outside of Shenyang< | + | [Japan] Shōwa 3</p> |
| - | Xueliang in Manchuria accepts Nationalist rule< | + | | width="166" | <p><b>June 4</b> Assassination of Zhang Zuolin by Japanese |
| + | Kantojun forces outside of Shenyang<br><b>Dec. 29</b> Zhang | ||
| + | Xueliang in Manchuria accepts Nationalist rule<br><b>Dec. 31</b> | ||
Zhang appointed as commander of Northeast Army, formal | Zhang appointed as commander of Northeast Army, formal | ||
| - | reunification of China</ | + | reunification of China</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> |
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1929</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>jisi</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">己巳</span></font><br> |
| - | 9</ | + | Feb. |
| - | | | + | 9</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2473</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="306" | <p>Minguo 18<br> |
| - | Republic of China</ | + | [Japan] Shōwa 4</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="166" | <p><b>Jan. 1</b> Gregorian calendar officially adopted by the |
| + | Republic of China</p> | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1930</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>gengwu</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">庚午</span></font><br> |
| - | 29</ | + | Jan. |
| - | | | + | 29</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2474</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="306" | <p>Minguo 19<br> |
| - | | | + | [Japan] Shōwa 5</p> |
| + | | width="166" | | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1931</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>xinwei</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">辛未</span></font><br> |
| - | 17</ | + | Feb. |
| - | | | + | 17</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2475</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="306" | <p>Minguo 20<br> |
| - | Jiangxi</ | + | [Japan] Shōwa 6</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="166" | <p><b>Nov. 7</b> Provisional Soviet republic established in |
| + | Jiangxi</p> | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1932</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>renshen</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">壬申</span></font><br> |
| - | 6</ | + | Feb. |
| - | | | + | 6</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2476</p> |
| - | 7</ | + | | width="306" | <p>Minguo 21<br> |
| - | | | + | [Manchukuo] Datong <font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">大同</span></font>1<br> |
| - | | | + | [Japan] Shōwa |
| + | 7</p> | ||
| + | | width="166" | <p><b>Feb. 18</b> Manchukuo established, Datong era begins</p> | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1933</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>guiyou</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">癸酉</span></font><br> |
| - | 25</ | + | Jan. |
| - | | | + | 25</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2477</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="306" | <p>Minguo 22<br> |
| - | | | + | [Manchukuo] Datong 2<br> |
| + | [Japan] Shōwa 8</p> | ||
| + | | width="166" | | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1934</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>jiaxu</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">甲戌</span></font><br> |
| - | 14</ | + | Feb. |
| - | | | + | 14</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2478</p> |
| - | 9</ | + | | width="306" | <p>Minguo 23<br> |
| - | | | + | [Manchukuo] Kangde <font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">康德</span></font>1<br> |
| - | Emperor< | + | [Japan] Shōwa |
| - | Jiangxi Soviet dissolves</ | + | 9</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="166" | <p>Manchukuo Datong era ends<br> |
| + | Puyi proclaimed Kangde | ||
| + | Emperor<br> | ||
| + | Manchukuo Kangde era begins<br><b>Nov. 5</b> | ||
| + | Jiangxi Soviet dissolves</p> | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1935</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>yihai</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">乙亥</span></font><br> |
| - | 3</ | + | Feb. |
| - | | | + | 3</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2479</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="306" | <p>Minguo 24<br> |
| - | | | + | [Manchukuo] Kangde 2<br> |
| + | [Japan] Shōwa 10</p> | ||
| + | | width="166" | | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1936</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>bingzi</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">丙子</span></font><br> |
| - | 24</ | + | Jan. |
| - | | | + | 24</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2480</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="306" | <p>Minguo 25<br> |
| - | | | + | [Manchukuo] Kangde 3<br> |
| + | [Japan] Shōwa 11</p> | ||
| + | | width="166" | | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1937</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>dingchou</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">丁丑</span></font><br> |
| - | 11</ | + | Feb. |
| - | | | + | 11</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2481</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="306" | <p>Minguo 26<br> |
| - | War< | + | [Manchukuo] Kangde 4<br> |
| - | | | + | [Japan] Shōwa 12</p> |
| + | | width="166" | <p>Marco Polo Bridge incident, start of Second Sino-Japanese | ||
| + | War<br> | ||
| + | Republican government moved from Nanjing</p> | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1938</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>wuyin</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">戊寅</span></font><br> |
| - | 31</ | + | Jan. |
| - | | | + | 31</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2482</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="306" | <p>Minguo 27<br> |
| - | | | + | [Manchukuo] Kangde 5<br> |
| + | [Japan] Shōwa 13</p> | ||
| + | | width="166" | | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1939</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>yimao</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">己卯</span></font><br> |
| - | 19</ | + | Feb. |
| - | | | + | 19</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2483</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="306" | <p>Minguo 28<br> |
| - | | | + | [Manchukuo] Kangde 6<br> |
| + | [Japan] Shōwa 14</p> | ||
| + | | width="166" | | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1940</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>gengchen</i> <font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">庚辰</span></font><br> |
| - | 8</ | + | Feb. |
| - | | | + | 8</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2484</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="306" | <p>Minguo 29<br> |
| - | | | + | [Manchukuo] Kangde 7<br> |
| + | [Japan] Shōwa 15</p> | ||
| + | | width="166" | | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1941</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>xinsi</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">辛巳</span></font><br> |
| - | 27</ | + | Jan. |
| - | | | + | 27</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2485</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="306" | <p>Minguo 30<br> |
| - | | | + | [Manchukuo] Kangde 8<br> |
| + | [Japan] Shōwa 16</p> | ||
| + | | width="166" | <p><b>Dec. 7</b> Pearl Harbour attacked by Japan</p> | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1942</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>renwu</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">壬午</span></font><br> |
| - | 15</ | + | Feb. |
| - | | | + | 15</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2486</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="306" | <p>Minguo 31<br> |
| - | | | + | [Manchukuo] Kangde 9<br> |
| + | [Japan] Shōwa 17</p> | ||
| + | | width="166" | | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1943</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>guiwei</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">癸未</span></font><br> |
| - | 4</ | + | Feb. |
| - | | | + | 4</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2487</p> |
| - | 18</ | + | | width="306" | <p>Minguo 32<br> |
| - | | | + | [Manchukuo] Kangde 10<br> |
| - | | | + | [Japan] Shōwa |
| + | 18</p> | ||
| + | | width="166" | | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1944</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>jiashen</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">甲申</span></font><br> |
| - | 25</ | + | Jan. |
| - | | | + | 25</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2488</p> |
| - | 19</ | + | | width="306" | <p>Minguo 33<br> |
| - | | | + | [Manchukuo] Kangde 11<br> |
| - | | | + | [Japan] Shōwa |
| + | 19</p> | ||
| + | | width="166" | | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1945</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>yiyou</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">乙酉</span></font><br> |
| - | 12</ | + | Feb. |
| - | | | + | 12</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2489</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="306" | <p>Minguo 34<br> |
| - | 2</ | + | [Japan] Shōwa 20</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="166" | <p><b>August</b> Manchukuo invaded by Soviet Union<br><b>Sept. |
| + | 2</b> Japan formally surrenders to the Allies</p> | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1946</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>bingxu</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">丙戌</span></font><br> |
| - | 2</ | + | Feb. |
| - | | | + | 2</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2490</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="306" | <p>Minguo 35<br> |
| - | | | + | [Japan] Shōwa 21</p> |
| + | | width="166" | | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1947</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>dinghai</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">丁亥</span></font><br> |
| - | 22</ | + | Jan. |
| - | | | + | 22</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2491</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="306" | <p>Minguo 36<br> |
| - | | | + | [Japan] Shōwa 22</p> |
| + | | width="166" | | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1948</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>wuzi</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">戊子</span></font><br> |
| - | 10</ | + | Feb. |
| - | | | + | 10</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2492</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="306" | <p>Minguo 37<br> |
| - | | | + | [Japan] Shōwa 23</p> |
| + | | width="166" | | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1949</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>jichou</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">己丑</span></font><br> |
| - | 29</ | + | Jan. |
| - | | | + | 29</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2493</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="306" | <p>Minguo 38<br> |
| - | | | + | [Japan] Shōwa 24</p> |
| + | | width="166" | <p><b>Oct. 1</b> Establishment of People's Republic of China</p> | ||
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| - | | | + | | width="122" | <p>1950</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="153" | <p><i>gengyin</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">庚寅</span></font><br> |
| - | 16</ | + | Feb. |
| - | | | + | 16</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="95" | <p>2494</p> |
| - | | | + | | width="306" | <p>Minguo 39<br> |
| - | | | + | [Japan] Shōwa 25</p> |
| - | |}< | + | | width="166" | |
| + | | width="66" | <p><br></p></tbody> | ||
| + | |}<p><br> | ||
| + | Notes<br><br><b>1)</b> Refers to the Heavenly Stem and Earthly | ||
Branch pair for the year of the Chinese calendar beginning early in | Branch pair for the year of the Chinese calendar beginning early in | ||
this Western calendar year and ending early in the next one. For | this Western calendar year and ending early in the next one. For | ||
| - | example, the < | + | example, the <i>xinhai</i><font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW">辛亥 |
| - | </ | + | </span></font>year of 1911 actually runs from Jan. 30 1911 to Feb. 17 |
1912. If a Western date appears below the pair, then this is the | 1912. If a Western date appears below the pair, then this is the | ||
| - | starting date of the lunar year.< | + | starting date of the lunar year.<br><br><b>2)</b> The modern Buddhist |
calendar uses 543 BCE as the date of the Buddha's birth and counts | calendar uses 543 BCE as the date of the Buddha's birth and counts | ||
| - | from that year, but previously < | + | from that year, but previously <b>1027 BCE</b> was one of the most |
widely accepted dates in Chinese historiography for this event. See | widely accepted dates in Chinese historiography for this event. See | ||
an account of this system in the ealy 20th century in Joseph Edkins, | an account of this system in the ealy 20th century in Joseph Edkins, | ||
| - | < | + | <i>Chinese Buddhism</i>, p. 12. Some sources use the older date to |
| - | calculate the Buddhist year, so < | + | calculate the Buddhist year, so <b>subtract 483</b> to convert into |
the current standard Buddhist year. Interestingly 1027 BCE was | the current standard Buddhist year. Interestingly 1027 BCE was | ||
also one of the propopsed dates for the founding of the Zhou | also one of the propopsed dates for the founding of the Zhou | ||
| - | dynasty.< | + | dynasty.<br><br> |
| - | calendar, the traditional date for the Buddha's date of birth.] < | + | [Buddhist years begin on 4/8 of the Chinese |
| - | to be confirmed</ | + | calendar, the traditional date for the Buddha's date of birth.] <i>ed. |
| + | to be confirmed</i><br><br><b>3)</b> Dates are approximate - many | ||
sources conflate the Western date with the Chinese month and day, so | sources conflate the Western date with the Chinese month and day, so | ||
| - | that for example | + | that for example "the second day of the fifth month" in the |
| - | Chinese calendar becomes recorded as | + | Chinese calendar becomes recorded as "May 2nd". Wherever |
possible the proper date for the Western calendar has been | possible the proper date for the Western calendar has been | ||
| - | used. < | + | used. <br><br> |
| - | {| | + | Some dates based on <font face="新細明體"><span lang="zh-TW"><a href="http://www.sinica.edu.tw/%7Etdbproj/sinocal/luso.html">兩千年中西歷轉換</a></span></font></p> |
| - | | < | + | {| border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2"<tbody> |
| - | Index of Chinese Buddhism</ | + | | <p align="center"><a href="http://www.columbia.edu/%7Egas2122/oicb.html">Online |
| - | | < | + | Index of Chinese Buddhism</a></p> |
| - | Bibliography of Modern Chinese Buddhism</ | + | | <p align="center"><a href="http://www.columbia.edu/%7Egas2122/mcb_bib.html">Print |
| + | Bibliography of Modern Chinese Buddhism</a></p></tbody> | ||
|} | |} | ||
Test Space
| Western Year 西歷 | Sexagenary Cycle1干支 | Buddhist Year2 | Era Names 年號 | Political / Historical Events3 | Buddhist / Religious Events |
| 1850 | gengxu庚戌 | 2394 | Daoguang 道光
| Feb. 25 Daoguang Emperor dies | |
| 1851 | xinhai辛亥 Feb. 1 | 2395 | Xianfeng 咸豐
| Jan. 31 Daoguang era ends begins | |
| 1852 | renzi任子 Feb. 20 | 2396 | Xianfeng 2 [Taiping] Yuannian 2 | April-May Tiaping forces lay siege to Guilin | |
| 1853 | guichou癸丑 Feb. 8 | 2397 | Xianfeng 3 [Taiping] Yuannian 3 | Jan. 12 Taiping army occupies Wuchang | |
| 1854 | jiayin甲寅 Jan. 29 | 2398 | Xianfeng 4 [Taiping] Yuannian 4 | Chinese Maritime Customs Service established in Shanghai 31 Treaty of Kanagawa signed between US and Japan | |
| 1855 | yimao乙卯 Feb. 17 | 2399 | Xianfeng 5 [Taiping] Yuannian 5 | Mar. 17 Taiping army invades Anhui | |
| 1856 | bingchen丙辰 Feb. 6 | 2400 | Xianfeng 6 [Taiping] Yuannian 6 | Oct. 8 The "Arrow incident" which would lead to the Second Opium War | |
| 1857 | dingsi丁巳 Jan. 26 | 2401 | Xianfeng 7 [Taiping] Yuannian 7 | Mar. 3 The United Kingdom and France formally declare war on China | |
| 1858 | wuwu戊午 Feb. 14 | 2402 | Xianfeng 8 [Taiping] Yuannian 8 | May 28 Treaty of Aigun signed Tianjin signed, temporarily ending Second Opium War | |
| 1859 | jiwei己未 Feb. 3 | 2403 | Xianfeng 9 [Taiping] Yuannian 9 | June 25 Dagu fort repels British naval force at Tianjin | |
| 1860 | gengshen庚申 Jan. 23 | 2404 | Xianfeng 10 [Taiping] Yuannian 10 | Mar. 18 Ansei era ends, Man'en era begins in Japan 18 Convention of Peking signed, ending the Second Opium WarOct. Destruction of the Summer Palaces | |
| 1861 | xinyou辛酉 Feb. 10 | 2405 | Xianfeng 11 [Taiping] Yuannian 11 | Zongli Yamen (Foreign Office) established | |
| 1862 | renxu任戌 Jan. 30 | 2406 | Tongzhi 同治
| Tongwen Guan foreign language school established Xianfeng era ends | |
| 1863 | guihai癸亥 Feb. 18 | 2407 | Tongzhi 2 [Taiping] Yuannian 13 | | |
| 1864 | jiazi甲子 | 2408 | Tongzhi 3 [Taiping] Yuannian 14 | Most territories of the Taiping reclaimed by the Qing | |
| 1865 | yichou乙丑 Jan. 27 | 2409 | Tongzhi 4 [Taiping] Yuannian 15 | May 1 Genji era ends, Keiō era begins in Japan | |
| 1866 | bingyin丙寅 Feb. 15 | 2410 | Tongzhi 5 [Taiping] Yuannian 16 | | |
| 1867 | dingmao丁卯 Feb. 5 | 2411 | Tongzhi 6 [Taiping] Yuannian 17 | Jan. 30 Death of Emperor Kōmei 孝明天皇 | |
| 1868 | wuchen戊辰 Jan. 25 | 2412 | Tongzhi 7 [Taiping] Yuannian 18 | Taiping Yuannian era ends End of the Nian Rebellion | |
| 1869 | jisi己巳 Feb. 11 | 2413 | Tongzhi 8 | | |
| 1870 | gengwu庚午 Jan. 31 | 2414 | Tongzhi 9 | | |
| 1871 | xinwei辛未 Feb. 19 | 2415 | Tongzhi 10 | | |
| 1872 | renshen壬申 Feb. 9 | 2416 | Tongzhi 11 | | |
| 1873 | guiyou癸酉 Jan. 29 | 2417 | Tongzhi 12 | Panthay Rebellion ends | |
| 1874 | jiaxu甲戌 Feb. 17 | 2418 | Tongzhi 13 | | |
| 1875 | yihai乙亥 Feb. 6 | 2419 | Guangxu 光緒 1 [Japan] Meiji 8 | Jan. 12 Death of the Tongzhi emperor; Guangxu emperor assumes the throne | |
| 1876 | bingzi丙子 Jan. 26 | 2420 | Guangxu 2 | | |
| 1877 | dingchou丁丑 Feb. 13 | 2421 | Guangxu 3 | Last of the "Dungan rebellions" is suppressed | |
| 1878 | wuyin戊寅 Feb. 2 | 2422 | Guangxu 4 | | |
| 1879 | yimao己卯 Jan. 22 | 2423 | Guangxu 5 | | |
| 1880 | gengchen 庚辰 Feb. 10 | 2424 | Guangxu 6 | | |
| 1881 | xinsi辛巳 Jan. 30 | 2425 | Guangxu 7 | | |
| 1882 | renwu壬午 Feb. 18 | 2426 | Guangxu 8 | July Rioters attack Japanese legation in Seoul, Korea | |
| 1883 | guiwei癸未 Feb. 8 | 2427 | Guangxu 9 | Fall Sino-French war begins in Vietnam | |
| 1884 | jiashen甲申 Jan. 28 | 2428 | Guangxu 10 | August Battle of Fuzhou between France and China | |
| 1885 | yiyou乙酉 Feb. 15 | 2429 | Guangxu 11 | April 4 Peace protocol proclaimed in Sino-French War | |
| 1886 | bingxu丙戌 Feb. 4 | 2430 | Guangxu 12 | | |
| 1887 | dinghai丁亥 Jan. 24 | 2431 | Guangxu 13 | Japan annexes Iwo Jima | |
| 1888 | wuzi戊子 Feb. 12 | 2432 | Guangxu 14 | | |
| 1889 | jichou己丑 Jan. 31 | 2433 | Guangxu 15 | Feb. 11 Meiji Constitution of Japan proclaimed | |
| 1890 | gengyin庚寅 Jan. 21 | 2434 | Guangxu 16 | | |
| 1891 | xinmao辛卯 Feb. 9 | 2435 | Guangxu 17 | | |
| 1892 | renchen壬辰 Jan. 30 | 2436 | Guangxu 18 | | |
| 1893 | guisi癸巳 Feb. 17 | 2437 | Guangxu 19 | | |
| 1894 | jiawu甲午 Feb. 6 | 2438 | Guangxu 20 | Aug. 1 Start of First Sino-Japanese War | |
| 1895 | yiwei乙未 Jan. 26 | 2439 | Guangxu 21 | Apr. 17 Treaty of Shimonoseki signed, ending the First Sino-Japanese War | |
| 1896 | bingshen丙申 Feb. 13 | 2440 | Guangxu 22 | | |
| 1897 | dingyou丁酉 Feb. 2 | 2441 | Guangxu 23 | | |
| 1898 | wuxu戊戌 Jan. 22 | 2442 | Guangxu 24 | Mar. 6 German Empire leases Jiaozhou Bay (Qingdao) for 99 years | |
| 1899 | jihai己亥 Feb. 10 | 2443 | Guangxu 25 | | |
| 1900 | gengzi庚子 Jan. 31 | 2444 | Guangxu 26 | Jan. 2 Open Door Policy for China announced in U.S. Boxer forces attack foreign compounds in Beijing and Tianjin | |
| 1901 | xinchou辛丑 Feb. 19 | 2445 | Guangxu 27 | Sept. 7 Boxer Protocol signed | |
| 1902 | renyin壬寅 Feb. 8 | 2446 | Guangxu 28 | June 25 New Army renamed Beiyang army, Yuan named Minister of Beiyang | |
| 1903 | guimao癸卯 Jan. 29 | 2447 | Guangxu 29 | | |
| 1904 | jiachen甲辰 Feb. 16 | 2448 | Guangxu 30 | Feb. 8 Start of Russo-Japanaese War | |
| 1905 | yisi乙巳 Feb. 4 | 2449 | Guangxu 31 | Feb. 19-Mar. 10 Battle of Mukden (Shenyang) 10/20 Founding of Tongmenghui in Tokyo | |
| 1906 | bingwu丙午 Jan. 25 | 2450 | Guangxu 32 | | |
| 1907 | dingwei丁未 Feb. 13 | 2451 | Guangxu 33 | | |
| 1908 | wushen戊申 Feb. 2 | 2452 | Guangxu 34 | | |
| 1909 | jiyou己酉 Jan. 22 | 2453 | Xuantong 宣統
| Jan. 21 Guangxu era ends | |
| 1910 | gengxu庚戌 Feb. 10 | 2454 | Xuantong 2 | | |
| 1911 | xinhai辛亥 Jan. 30 | 2455 | Xuantong 3 | Oct. 10 Wuchang Uprising, Xinhai revolution begins | |
| 1912 | renzi任子 Feb. 18 | 2456 | Minguo 民國 1 [Japan]
Meiji 45 | Jan. 1 Republic of China proclaimed, Minguo era begins | |
| 1913 | guichou癸丑 Feb. 6 | 2457 | Minguo 2 | March 20 Song Jiaoren assassinated | |
| 1914 | jiayin甲寅 Jan. 26 | 2458 | Minguo 3 | Aug. 23 ROC cancels German lease of Jiaozhou Bay | |
| 1915 | yimao乙卯 Feb. 14 | 2459 | Minguo 4 | Jan. 18 Japan's Twenty-One Demands delivered to the Chinese government | |
| 1916 | bingchen丙辰 Feb. 3 | 2460 | Minguo 5 [Chinese Empire] Hongxian 1 | Jan. 1 Yuan Shikai proclaimed Emperor of the Empire of China | |
| 1917 | dingsi丁巳 Jan. 23 | 2461 | Minguo 6 | July 1 Qing Dynasty proclaimed restored by Zhang
Xun | |
| 1918 | wuwu戊午 Feb. 11 | 2462 | Minguo 7 | | |
| 1919 | jiwei己未 Feb. 1 | 2463 | Minguo 8 | May 4 Student demonstrations of the "May Fourth Movement" | |
| 1920 | gengshen庚申 Feb. 19 | 2464 | Minguo 9 | | |
| 1921 | xinyou辛酉 Feb. 8 | 2465 | Minguo 10 | Founding of the Chinese Communist Party | |
| 1922 | renxu任戌 Jan. 28 | 2466 | Minguo 11 | Dec. 10 China regains soverignty of Jiaozhou Bay | |
| 1923 | guihai癸亥 Feb. 16 | 2467 | Minguo 12 | | |
| 1924 | jiazi甲子 | 2468 | Minguo 13 | | |
| 1925 | yichou乙丑 Jan. 24 | 2469 | Minguo 14 | March 12 Sun Yat-sen dies | |
| 1926 | bingyin丙寅 Feb. 12 | 2470 | Minguo 15 [Japan] Taisho 15 | Dec. 25 Taisho emperor dies, Taisho era ends, Shōwa era begins in Japan | |
| 1927 | dingmao丁卯 Feb. 2 | 2471 | Minguo 16 | | |
| 1928 | wuchen戊辰 Jan. 22 | 2472 | Minguo 17 | June 4 Assassination of Zhang Zuolin by Japanese Kantojun forces outside of Shenyang | |
| 1929 | jisi己巳 Feb. 9 | 2473 | Minguo 18 | Jan. 1 Gregorian calendar officially adopted by the Republic of China | |
| 1930 | gengwu庚午 Jan. 29 | 2474 | Minguo 19 | | |
| 1931 | xinwei辛未 Feb. 17 | 2475 | Minguo 20 | Nov. 7 Provisional Soviet republic established in Jiangxi | |
| 1932 | renshen壬申 Feb. 6 | 2476 | Minguo 21 [Manchukuo] Datong 大同1 | Feb. 18 Manchukuo established, Datong era begins | |
| 1933 | guiyou癸酉 Jan. 25 | 2477 | Minguo 22 [Manchukuo] Datong 2 | | |
| 1934 | jiaxu甲戌 Feb. 14 | 2478 | Minguo 23 [Manchukuo] Kangde 康德1 | Manchukuo Datong era ends Puyi proclaimed Kangde
Emperor | |
| 1935 | yihai乙亥 Feb. 3 | 2479 | Minguo 24 [Manchukuo] Kangde 2 | | |
| 1936 | bingzi丙子 Jan. 24 | 2480 | Minguo 25 [Manchukuo] Kangde 3 | | |
| 1937 | dingchou丁丑 Feb. 11 | 2481 | Minguo 26 [Manchukuo] Kangde 4 | Marco Polo Bridge incident, start of Second Sino-Japanese War | |
| 1938 | wuyin戊寅 Jan. 31 | 2482 | Minguo 27 [Manchukuo] Kangde 5 | | |
| 1939 | yimao己卯 Feb. 19 | 2483 | Minguo 28 [Manchukuo] Kangde 6 | | |
| 1940 | gengchen 庚辰 Feb. 8 | 2484 | Minguo 29 [Manchukuo] Kangde 7 | | |
| 1941 | xinsi辛巳 Jan. 27 | 2485 | Minguo 30 [Manchukuo] Kangde 8 | Dec. 7 Pearl Harbour attacked by Japan | |
| 1942 | renwu壬午 Feb. 15 | 2486 | Minguo 31 [Manchukuo] Kangde 9 | | |
| 1943 | guiwei癸未 Feb. 4 | 2487 | Minguo 32 [Manchukuo] Kangde 10 | | |
| 1944 | jiashen甲申 Jan. 25 | 2488 | Minguo 33 [Manchukuo] Kangde 11 | | |
| 1945 | yiyou乙酉 Feb. 12 | 2489 | Minguo 34 | August Manchukuo invaded by Soviet Union | |
| 1946 | bingxu丙戌 Feb. 2 | 2490 | Minguo 35 | | |
| 1947 | dinghai丁亥 Jan. 22 | 2491 | Minguo 36 | | |
| 1948 | wuzi戊子 Feb. 10 | 2492 | Minguo 37 | | |
| 1949 | jichou己丑 Jan. 29 | 2493 | Minguo 38 | Oct. 1 Establishment of People's Republic of China | |
| 1950 | gengyin庚寅 Feb. 16 | 2494 | Minguo 39 | |
Notes
1) Refers to the Heavenly Stem and Earthly
Branch pair for the year of the Chinese calendar beginning early in
this Western calendar year and ending early in the next one. For
example, the xinhai辛亥
year of 1911 actually runs from Jan. 30 1911 to Feb. 17
1912. If a Western date appears below the pair, then this is the
starting date of the lunar year.
2) The modern Buddhist
calendar uses 543 BCE as the date of the Buddha's birth and counts
from that year, but previously 1027 BCE was one of the most
widely accepted dates in Chinese historiography for this event. See
an account of this system in the ealy 20th century in Joseph Edkins,
Chinese Buddhism, p. 12. Some sources use the older date to
calculate the Buddhist year, so subtract 483 to convert into
the current standard Buddhist year. Interestingly 1027 BCE was
also one of the propopsed dates for the founding of the Zhou
dynasty.
[Buddhist years begin on 4/8 of the Chinese
calendar, the traditional date for the Buddha's date of birth.] ed.
to be confirmed
3) Dates are approximate - many
sources conflate the Western date with the Chinese month and day, so
that for example "the second day of the fifth month" in the
Chinese calendar becomes recorded as "May 2nd". Wherever
possible the proper date for the Western calendar has been
used.
| <a href="http://www.columbia.edu/%7Egas2122/oicb.html">Online Index of Chinese Buddhism</a> | <a href="http://www.columbia.edu/%7Egas2122/mcb_bib.html">Print Bibliography of Modern Chinese Buddhism</a> </tbody> |