Nianhao 年號

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Current revision as of 22:49, 22 April 2010

Several era names 年號 were in use during the period 1850 - 1950 by different state authorities. Since era years did not always begin on January 1st, there is only a rough correspondence between era years and the Western calendar.

Contents 1 Chinese Era Names 1.1 Dàoguāng 道光 1.2 Xiánfēng 咸豐 1.3 Tóngzhì 同治 1.4 Guāngxù 光緒 1.5 Xuāntǒng 宣統 1.6 Year of the Republic 民國 2 Japanese Era Names 2.1 Kaei 嘉永 2.2 Ansei 安政 2.3 Man'en 万延 2.4 Bunkyū 文久 2.5 Genji 元治 2.6 Keiō 慶応 2.7 Meiji 明治 2.8 Taishō 大正 2.9 Shōwa 昭和 3 Taiping Era Names 3.1 Yuánnián 元年 4 Era Names of Manchukuo 4.1 Dàtóng 大同 4.2 Kāngdé 康德

Chinese Era Names

Dàoguāng 道光

• The Dàoguāng Era began in 1821 and ended on January 31, 1851. It was the reign of the Dàoguāng Emperor, Aixin-Jueluo Miánníng 愛新覺羅綿寧 (1820 - 1850).
• This era spans the 1820s, 1830s, 1840s, and 1850s.

Xiánfēng 咸豐

• The Xiánfēng Era began on February 1, 1851 and ended on January 29, 1862. It was the reign of the Xiánfēng Emperor, Aixin-Jueluo Yizhu 愛新覺羅奕詝 (1831 - 1861).
• This era spans the 1850s and 1860s.

Tóngzhì 同治

• The Tóngzhì Era began on January 30, 1862 and ended on February 5, 1875. It was the reign of the Tóngzhì Emperor, Aixin-Jueluo Zaichun 愛新覺羅載淳 (1861 - 1875).
• This era spans the 1860s and 1870s.

Guāngxù 光緒

• The Guāngxù Era began on February 6, 1875 and ended on January 21, 1909. It was the reign of the Guāngxù Emperor, Aixin-Jueluo Zàitián 愛新覺羅載湉 (1871 - 1908).
• This era spans the 1870s, 1880s, 1890s, and 1900s.

Xuāntǒng 宣統

• The Xuāntǒng Era began on January 22, 1909 and ended on February 12, 1912. It was the reign of the Xuāntǒng Emperor, Púyì 溥儀 (1906 - 1967).
• This era spans the 1900s and 1910s.

Year of the Republic 民國

• The Year of the Republic began with the Republic of China on January 1, 1912 which is Year 1 of the Republic. This system was discontinued in the People's Republic of China in 1949, but continues to be used in Taiwan and in overseas Chinese communities.
• This era spans the 1910s, 1920s, 1930s, 1940s, 1950s and beyond.

Japanese Era Names

Kaei 嘉永

• The Kaei Era began on February 28, 1848 and ended on November 26, 1853. The reigning emperor was Kōmei-tennō 孝明天皇.
• This era spans the 1840s and 1850s.

Ansei 安政

• The Ansei Era began on November 27, 1853, and ended on March 17, 1860. The reigning emperor was Kōmei-tennō 孝明天皇.
• The era spans the 1850s and 1860s.

Man'en 万延

• The Man'en Era began on March 18, 1860 and ended on February 9, 1861. The reigning emperor was Kōmei-tennō 孝明天皇.
• This era was part of the 1860s.

Bunkyū 文久

• The Bunkyū Era began on February 10, 1861 and ended on February 7, 1864. The reigning emperor was Kōmei-tennō 孝明天皇.
• This era was part of the 1860s.

Genji 元治

• The Genji Era began on February 8, 1864 and ended on January 26, 1865. The reigning emperor was Kōmei-tennō 孝明天皇.
• This era was part of the 1860s.

Keiō 慶応

• The Keiō Era began on January 27, 1865 and ended on October 23, 1868. The reigning emperors were Kōmei-tennō 孝明天皇 and Meiji-tennō 明治天皇.
• This era was part of the 1860s.

Meiji 明治

• The Meiji Era began on October 23, 1868^[1] and ended on July 30, 1912. The reigning emperor was Meiji-tennō 明治天皇.
• The era spans the 1860s, 1870s, 1880s, 1890s, 1900s, and 1910s.

Taishō 大正

• The Taishō Era began on July 30, 1912 and ended on December 25, 1926. The reigning emperor was Taishō-tennō 大正天皇.
• This era spans the 1910s and 1920s.

Shōwa 昭和

• The Shōwa Era began on December 25, 1926 and ended on January 7, 1989. The reigning emperor was Shōwa-tennō 昭和天皇.
• This era spans the 1920s, 1930s, 1940s, 1950s up to the 1980s.

Taiping Era Names

Yuánnián 元年

• The Yuánnián Era began in August 1851 and ended in May 1864.

Era Names of Manchukuo

Dàtóng 大同

• The Dàtóng Era began in 1932 and ended in 1934.

Kāngdé 康德

• The Kāngdé Era began on March 1, 1934 and ended in August, 1945.