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|Zōngyǎng [[宗仰]]||1861 - 1921||A Jiāngnán 江南 monk, most famously associated with revolutionary activities in Shànghǎi [[上海]] in the first decade of the 20th century | |Zōngyǎng [[宗仰]]||1861 - 1921||A Jiāngnán 江南 monk, most famously associated with revolutionary activities in Shànghǎi [[上海]] in the first decade of the 20th century | ||
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| + | |Shī Shěngzhī [[施省之]]||1865 - 1945||A government official, first as a diplomat to the U.S. during the late Qing, then in the offices of the various state-run railroads of the late Qing and Republican periods. He was very active in Shanghai lay Buddhism during the last two decades of his life. | ||
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|Dīng Fúbǎo [[丁福保]]||1874 - 1952||Writer and publisher, best known for his Great Dictionary of Buddhism 佛學大辭典 published in 1922, a translation of ''Bukkyō daijiten'' 仏教大辞典 by Oda Tokunō 織田徳能 | |Dīng Fúbǎo [[丁福保]]||1874 - 1952||Writer and publisher, best known for his Great Dictionary of Buddhism 佛學大辭典 published in 1922, a translation of ''Bukkyō daijiten'' 仏教大辞典 by Oda Tokunō 織田徳能 | ||
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|Shǐ Yīrú [[史一如]]||1876 - 1925||A scholar of Buddhist Logic, translator of works of Japanese Buddhology, and early confederate of Tàixū [[太虛]]. He taught at the Wuchang Buddhist Seminary [[武昌佛學院]] during its first year | |Shǐ Yīrú [[史一如]]||1876 - 1925||A scholar of Buddhist Logic, translator of works of Japanese Buddhology, and early confederate of Tàixū [[太虛]]. He taught at the Wuchang Buddhist Seminary [[武昌佛學院]] during its first year | ||
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| + | |Xú Wèirú [[徐蔚如]]||1878 - 1937||He ran two major Buddhist presses in Běijīng and Tiānjīn in the 1920s and 1930s. His presses and his own lectures and scholarship focused on Huáyán 華嚴 materials. | ||
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|Yuányīng [[圓瑛]]||1878 - 1953||A towering figure of Republican Buddhism, and a critic of Tàixū's more radical suggestions for reform. He was president of the Chinese Buddhist Association [[中國佛教會]] from 1928 to 1937. He was also the abbot of a number of important temples in the Jiāngnán [[江南]] region. | |Yuányīng [[圓瑛]]||1878 - 1953||A towering figure of Republican Buddhism, and a critic of Tàixū's more radical suggestions for reform. He was president of the Chinese Buddhist Association [[中國佛教會]] from 1928 to 1937. He was also the abbot of a number of important temples in the Jiāngnán [[江南]] region. | ||
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| + | |Hóngyī [[弘一]]||1880 - 1942||An educated and literate leader of the New Culture movement, who turned his back on modernity to become a monk | ||
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| + | |Zhāng Huàshēng [[張化聲]]||1880 - 19??||Teacher at the Wuchang Buddhist Seminary [[武昌佛學院]] and a colleague of Tàixū 太虛 | ||
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|Lǚ Bìchéng [[呂碧城]]||1883 - 1943||Probably the most famous Chinese Buddhist woman of the Republican period, Lǚ was a poet, journalist, and lay Buddhist | |Lǚ Bìchéng [[呂碧城]]||1883 - 1943||Probably the most famous Chinese Buddhist woman of the Republican period, Lǚ was a poet, journalist, and lay Buddhist | ||
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|Qū Yìngguāng [[屈映光]]||1883 - 1973||A prominent minister of the Republican era, he held many posts including that of governor of Shāndōng 山東 in 1919. He was initiated into esoteric Buddhism in 1929. | |Qū Yìngguāng [[屈映光]]||1883 - 1973||A prominent minister of the Republican era, he held many posts including that of governor of Shāndōng 山東 in 1919. He was initiated into esoteric Buddhism in 1929. | ||
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| + | |Dài Jìtáo [[戴季陶]]||1890 - 1949||A politician and ideologue who supported Buddhist activities under the rubric of "National Salvation" (jiùguó 救國) | ||
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|Tàixū [[太虛]]||1890 - 1947||One of the most influential Chinese Buddhist figures of the modern era, a reformer who established seminaries and Buddhist periodicals, such as his long-running Hǎicháo yīn [[海潮音]] | |Tàixū [[太虛]]||1890 - 1947||One of the most influential Chinese Buddhist figures of the modern era, a reformer who established seminaries and Buddhist periodicals, such as his long-running Hǎicháo yīn [[海潮音]] | ||
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| - | |Táng Dàyuán [[唐大圓]]|| | + | |Táng Dàyuán [[唐大圓]]||1890? - 1941||A colleague of Tàixū [[太虛]], a noted lay teacher of monks, and scholar of Consciousness-Only 唯識 thought |
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| - | |Shànyīn [[善因]]|| | + | |Shànyīn [[善因]]||1890? - 19??||He and Kōngyě [[空也]] were Tàixū’s [[太虛]] early right-hand men. Shànyīn was particularly interested in Consciousness-Only 唯識 and Madhyamaka thought. |
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|Dàyǒng [[大勇]]||1893 - 1929||A Hàn 漢 monk who was famous for teaching Japanese Esoteric Buddhism [[東密]], as well as leading a group to Tibet to study Tibetan Esoteric Buddhism [[西密]] | |Dàyǒng [[大勇]]||1893 - 1929||A Hàn 漢 monk who was famous for teaching Japanese Esoteric Buddhism [[東密]], as well as leading a group to Tibet to study Tibetan Esoteric Buddhism [[西密]] | ||
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| + | |Chísōng [[持松]]||1894 - 1972||A famed teacher of Esoteric Buddhism | ||
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| + | |Chángxǐng [[常惺]]||1896 - 1939||A prominent teacher, associated with several important early seminaries, as well as the Chinese Buddhist Association [[中國佛教會]] of 1929 | ||
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|Lǚ Chéng [[呂澂]]||1896 - 1989||A student of Ōuyáng Jiàn [[歐陽漸]], headed his Chinese Inner Studies Institute [[支那內學院]], and remained a prominent figure in Chinese Buddhism after 1949. | |Lǚ Chéng [[呂澂]]||1896 - 1989||A student of Ōuyáng Jiàn [[歐陽漸]], headed his Chinese Inner Studies Institute [[支那內學院]], and remained a prominent figure in Chinese Buddhism after 1949. | ||
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|Yóu Zhìbiǎo [[尤智表]]||1901 - 19??||A Harvard-trained engineer and a lay Buddhist. He was the author of two important books on science and Buddhism, which were published in the 1940s | |Yóu Zhìbiǎo [[尤智表]]||1901 - 19??||A Harvard-trained engineer and a lay Buddhist. He was the author of two important books on science and Buddhism, which were published in the 1940s | ||
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| + | |Dùhuán [[度寰]]||1905 - 1988||A monk, student of esoteric Buddhism, and doctor of Chinese medicine. He was a living link in the Chinese Buddhist tradition through the Cultural Revolution. | ||
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|Jùzàn [[巨贊]]||1908 - 1984||A Buddhist teacher who participated in the War of Resistance and worked closely with the Communist government after the founding of the PRC | |Jùzàn [[巨贊]]||1908 - 1984||A Buddhist teacher who participated in the War of Resistance and worked closely with the Communist government after the founding of the PRC | ||
Ordered by date of birth
| Name | Dates | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Nanjō Bunyū / Nanjio Bunyiu 南条文雄 | 1849 - 1927 | A priest of the Ōtani 大谷 sect of Japan's Jodō Shinshū 浄土真宗 school. He studied at Oxford with famed orientalist Max Müller, and collaborated with Yáng Wénhuì 楊文會 on a number of Buddhist projects. Chief among which was the reprinting of Buddhist texts held in Japan, but lost in China. |
| Jìchán 寄禪 | 1852 - 1912 | A famous Chán master and poet during the late Qing. He was an important person in transitional Qing-Republican Buddhism. |
| Yìnguāng 印光 | 1861 - 1940 | Credited with reviving the Pure Land school 淨土宗 in China |
| Zōngyǎng 宗仰 | 1861 - 1921 | A Jiāngnán 江南 monk, most famously associated with revolutionary activities in Shànghǎi 上海 in the first decade of the 20th century |
| Shī Shěngzhī 施省之 | 1865 - 1945 | A government official, first as a diplomat to the U.S. during the late Qing, then in the offices of the various state-run railroads of the late Qing and Republican periods. He was very active in Shanghai lay Buddhism during the last two decades of his life. |
| Dīng Fúbǎo 丁福保 | 1874 - 1952 | Writer and publisher, best known for his Great Dictionary of Buddhism 佛學大辭典 published in 1922, a translation of Bukkyō daijiten 仏教大辞典 by Oda Tokunō 織田徳能 |
| Shǐ Yīrú 史一如 | 1876 - 1925 | A scholar of Buddhist Logic, translator of works of Japanese Buddhology, and early confederate of Tàixū 太虛. He taught at the Wuchang Buddhist Seminary 武昌佛學院 during its first year |
| Xú Wèirú 徐蔚如 | 1878 - 1937 | He ran two major Buddhist presses in Běijīng and Tiānjīn in the 1920s and 1930s. His presses and his own lectures and scholarship focused on Huáyán 華嚴 materials. |
| Yuányīng 圓瑛 | 1878 - 1953 | A towering figure of Republican Buddhism, and a critic of Tàixū's more radical suggestions for reform. He was president of the Chinese Buddhist Association 中國佛教會 from 1928 to 1937. He was also the abbot of a number of important temples in the Jiāngnán 江南 region. |
| Hóngyī 弘一 | 1880 - 1942 | An educated and literate leader of the New Culture movement, who turned his back on modernity to become a monk |
| Zhāng Huàshēng 張化聲 | 1880 - 19?? | Teacher at the Wuchang Buddhist Seminary 武昌佛學院 and a colleague of Tàixū 太虛 |
| Lǚ Bìchéng 呂碧城 | 1883 - 1943 | Probably the most famous Chinese Buddhist woman of the Republican period, Lǚ was a poet, journalist, and lay Buddhist |
| Qū Yìngguāng 屈映光 | 1883 - 1973 | A prominent minister of the Republican era, he held many posts including that of governor of Shāndōng 山東 in 1919. He was initiated into esoteric Buddhism in 1929. |
| Dài Jìtáo 戴季陶 | 1890 - 1949 | A politician and ideologue who supported Buddhist activities under the rubric of "National Salvation" (jiùguó 救國) |
| Tàixū 太虛 | 1890 - 1947 | One of the most influential Chinese Buddhist figures of the modern era, a reformer who established seminaries and Buddhist periodicals, such as his long-running Hǎicháo yīn 海潮音 |
| Táng Dàyuán 唐大圓 | 1890? - 1941 | A colleague of Tàixū 太虛, a noted lay teacher of monks, and scholar of Consciousness-Only 唯識 thought |
| Shànyīn 善因 | 1890? - 19?? | He and Kōngyě 空也 were Tàixū’s 太虛 early right-hand men. Shànyīn was particularly interested in Consciousness-Only 唯識 and Madhyamaka thought. |
| Dàyǒng 大勇 | 1893 - 1929 | A Hàn 漢 monk who was famous for teaching Japanese Esoteric Buddhism 東密, as well as leading a group to Tibet to study Tibetan Esoteric Buddhism 西密 |
| Chísōng 持松 | 1894 - 1972 | A famed teacher of Esoteric Buddhism |
| Chángxǐng 常惺 | 1896 - 1939 | A prominent teacher, associated with several important early seminaries, as well as the Chinese Buddhist Association 中國佛教會 of 1929 |
| Lǚ Chéng 呂澂 | 1896 - 1989 | A student of Ōuyáng Jiàn 歐陽漸, headed his Chinese Inner Studies Institute 支那內學院, and remained a prominent figure in Chinese Buddhism after 1949. |
| Dàxǐng 大醒 | 1899 - 1952 | A student of Tàixū 太虛 and leader of the Minnan Buddhist Seminary 武昌佛學院 |
| Zhōu Shújiā 周叔迦 | 1899 - 1970 | An important scholar and teacher of Consciousness-Only thought during the Republican period, and a founding member of the Chinese Buddhist Association 中國佛教協會 |
| Dàyú 大愚 | dates unknown | Founder of an immensely popular lineage of Esoteric Buddhism in Republican China |
| Yóu Zhìbiǎo 尤智表 | 1901 - 19?? | A Harvard-trained engineer and a lay Buddhist. He was the author of two important books on science and Buddhism, which were published in the 1940s |
| Dùhuán 度寰 | 1905 - 1988 | A monk, student of esoteric Buddhism, and doctor of Chinese medicine. He was a living link in the Chinese Buddhist tradition through the Cultural Revolution. |
| Jùzàn 巨贊 | 1908 - 1984 | A Buddhist teacher who participated in the War of Resistance and worked closely with the Communist government after the founding of the PRC |
| Dān Péigēn 單培根 | 1917 - 1995 | A student of consciousness-only and Chinese medicine |