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- | '''TRANSFORMING CONSCIOUSNESS-Chronology of Important Dates''' | + | ā'''TRANSFORMING CONSCIOUSNESS-Chronology of Important Dates''' |
- | This page contains a chronology for the project [[TRANSFORMING CONSCIOUSNESS]]. | + | This page contains a chronology for the project [[TRANSFORMING CONSCIOUSNESS]]. Enter here important dates from your chapters. Please note the following: |
+ | *For entering a sub-heading beneath a year, use two asterisks, like this: <nowiki>**Death of John Smith</nowiki> For further subordinated headings increase the number of asterisks used. For an example, see year 1925. | ||
+ | ==Pre-16th Century== | ||
+ | *ca. 480-400 BCE: The Buddha (Siddhārtha Gautama) | ||
+ | *ca. 150-250: Nāgārjuna (Ch. Longshu 龍樹/Najia’elashuna 那伽閼剌樹那) | ||
+ | *ca. 3rd century: Saṃdhinirmocana Sūtra (Ch. Jieshenmijing 解深密經) | ||
+ | *ca. 4th century | ||
+ | **Asaṅga (Ch. Wuzhe 無著/Asengjia 阿僧伽) | ||
+ | **Vasubandhu (Ch. Shiqin 世親/Tianqin 天親) | ||
+ | *ca. 480-540: Dignāga (Ch. Yulong 域龍/Chenna 陳那) | ||
+ | *early 6th century (arrived in China 508) | ||
+ | **(d. 527) Bodhiruci (Ch. Putiliuzhi 菩提流支) | ||
+ | **Ratnamati (Ch. Lenamoti 勒那摩提) | ||
+ | *2nd quarter of 6th century, active in China | ||
+ | **Vimokṣaprajñāṛṣi (Ch. 毘目智仙 Pimuzhixian) | ||
+ | **Gautama Prajñāruci (Ch. 瞿曇般若流支 Qutan banruoliu) | ||
+ | *499-569: Paramārtha (Ch. 眞諦) | ||
+ | *ca. 6th century: Sthiramati (Ch. Anhui 安慧/Jianyi 堅意) | ||
+ | *fl. 6th century: Dharmapāla (Ch. Hufa 護法) | ||
+ | *ca. 6th-7th century: Śaṃkarasvāmin (Ch. Shangjieluozhu 商羯羅主) | ||
+ | *602-664: Xuanzang 玄奘 | ||
+ | *613-696: Wŏnch'ŭk (Ch. Yuance 圓測) | ||
+ | *564–633 (arrived in China 627): Prabhākaramitra (Ch. 波羅迦頗蜜多羅 Boluojiapomiduoluo/波羅頗蜜多羅 Boluopomiduoluo) | ||
+ | *632-682: Kuiji 窺基 | ||
+ | *635–713: Yijing 義淨 | ||
+ | *643-712: Fazang 法藏 | ||
+ | *648–714: Huizhao 慧沼 | ||
+ | *654 | ||
+ | **Doshō introduces Yogācāra into Japan | ||
+ | *ca. 7th century | ||
+ | **Candrakīrti (Ch. Yuecheng 月稱) | ||
+ | **Dharmakīrti (Ch. Facheng 法稱) | ||
+ | **Vinītadeva | ||
+ | **Devendrabuddhi | ||
+ | *fl. 8th century | ||
+ | **Śāntarakṣita (Ch. Jihu 寂護) | ||
+ | **Kamalaśīla (Ch. Lianhuajie 蓮華戒) | ||
+ | *ca. 8th century: Śākyabuddhi | ||
+ | *735 | ||
+ | ** Genbō introduces Buddhist logic into Japan | ||
+ | *ca. 11th century: Ratnakīrti | ||
+ | * late 11th century: Zōjun and Jōkei revive Hossō | ||
- | + | ==16th-18th Centuries== | |
- | + | *1545-1608: Sanhuai Hong’en 三懐洪恩 | |
- | + | *1592-1673: Yinyuan Longqi 隱元隆琦 | |
- | + | *1593-1661: Feiyin Tongrong 費隠通容 | |
- | + | *1599-1655: Ouyi Zhixu 蕅益智旭 | |
- | + | *1675 | |
- | + | **Ryōkō Monsho lectures on Hossō | |
- | + | * ca. 1746 | |
- | + | ** Tominaga Nakamoto challenges Yogācāra doctrine of ālayavijñāna | |
- | + | ==19th Century== | |
- | + | ===1800-1880=== | |
- | + | *1837 | |
- | + | **Birth of Yang Wenhui 楊文會 | |
- | + | *1849 | |
- | + | **Birth of Nanjō Bunyū 南條文雄 | |
- | + | *1858 | |
- | + | **Death of Gesshō | |
- | + | *1863 | |
- | + | **Birth of Sylvain Lévi | |
- | + | *1865 | |
- | + | **Birth of Tan Sitong 譚嗣同, Zhang Kecheng 張克誠 | |
- | + | *1866 | |
- | + | **Birth of Fyodor Ippolitovich Stcherbatsky | |
- | + | *1868 | |
- | + | **Birth of Zhang Taiyan 章太炎 | |
- | + | *1869 | |
- | + | **Birth of Wogihara Unrai 荻原雲來, Louis Étienne Joseph Marie de la Vallée Poussin | |
- | + | *1871 | |
- | + | **Birth of Ouyang Jingwu 歐陽竟無 | |
- | + | *1873 | |
- | + | **Birth of Jiang Weiqiao 蔣維喬 | |
- | + | **Birth of Ouyang Jingwu 歐陽竟無 | |
- | + | *1875 | |
- | + | **Birth of Wang Xiaoxu 王小徐 | |
+ | *1876 | ||
+ | **Nanjō Bun'yū studies in Oxford and Yang Wenhui hears of his activities | ||
+ | *1877 | ||
+ | **Birth of Baron Alexander von Stäel-Holstein | ||
+ | *1878 | ||
+ | ** Yang Wenhui meets Nanjō Bun'yū in England | ||
+ | *1879 | ||
+ | ** Hara Tanzan lectures on ''Awakening of Faith'' as Indian philosophy at Tokyo University | ||
+ | *1880 | ||
+ | **Birth of Zhang Huasheng 張化聲 | ||
- | + | ===1881-1899=== | |
- | + | *1882 | |
- | + | **Birth of Ferdinand Diedrich Lessing, Ui Hakuju 宇井伯 | |
- | + | *1884 | |
+ | **Kirara Kōyō advocates use of Buddhist logic in society and compares it with Western logic | ||
+ | *1885 | ||
+ | **Birth of Xiong Shili 熊十力 | ||
+ | *1886 | ||
+ | **Birth of Huang Jigang 黃季剛, Carsun Chang (Zhang Junmai 張君勱) | ||
+ | *1889 | ||
+ | **Birth of Fukaura Seibun 深浦正文 | ||
+ | *1890 | ||
+ | **Birth of Taixu 太虛, Tang Dayuan 唐大圓 | ||
+ | *1891 | ||
+ | ** Nanjō and Yang Wenhui begin to exchange Buddhist texts,many Yogācārin | ||
+ | *1894 | ||
+ | ** Xia Zengyou introduces Zhang Taiyan to Buddhism | ||
+ | *1895 | ||
+ | **Birth of Yamaguchi Susumu 山口益, Liang Shuming 梁漱溟 | ||
+ | *1896 | ||
+ | **Birth of Lü Cheng 呂澂 | ||
+ | **The group the "seven sages in Shanghai" (海上七子) | ||
+ | *1897 | ||
+ | **Birth of Wang Enyang 王恩洋 | ||
+ | **Song Shu studies Buddhism, esp. Buddhist logic, with Matsubayashi Kōjun in Shanghai | ||
+ | *1898 | ||
+ | **Execution of Tan Sitong 譚嗣同 | ||
+ | **Zhang Taiyan flees to Taiwan | ||
+ | **Tan Sitong’s ''An Exposition of Benevolence'' (''Renxue'' 仁學) appears in the ''China Discussion'' (''Qing yi bao'' 清議報) in Yokohama. A different version is published in Shanghai in the ''East Asia Times'' (''Yadong shibao'' 亞東時報). | ||
- | + | ==20th Century== | |
- | Nanjō | + | ===1900s=== |
- | + | *1902 | |
- | + | **Zhang Taiyan flees to Japan | |
- | Zhang | + | *1903 |
- | + | **Birth of Étienne Paul Marie Lamotte | |
- | Zhang Taiyan | + | **Zhang Taiyan is arrested in Shanghai, studies Yogācāra texts intensively while in prison for three years |
- | + | **Song Shu discusses Buddhist logic with Nanjō and other Japanese scholars | |
- | + | *1904 | |
- | + | **Birth of Fafang 法舫 | |
- | + | *1906 | |
- | + | **Birth of Yinshun 印順 | |
+ | **Zhang Taiyan goes to Japan to edit ''Minbao'' for Tongmenghui | ||
+ | *1907 | ||
+ | **Zhang Taiyan in Tokyo speech uses Yogācāra to justify overthrow of Manchu rule | ||
+ | *1908 | ||
+ | **Su Manshu attacks Richard's translation of ''Awakening of Faith'' | ||
+ | **Debate between Zhang Taiyan over Yogācāra and revolution | ||
+ | *1909 | ||
+ | **Birth of Mou Zongsan 牟宗三 | ||
- | + | ===1910-1915=== | |
- | + | *1910 | |
- | + | **Death of Song Shu | |
- | + | *1911 | |
- | + | **Death of Yang Wenhui 楊文會 | |
- | + | **Zhang Taiyan returns to China, advocating Yogācāra to Japanese monks in farewell speech | |
- | + | **Death of Takeda Hanshi | |
- | + | ||
- | + | ||
- | + | ||
- | + | ===1916-1919=== | |
- | + | ||
- | + | ===1920-1925=== | |
+ | *1920 | ||
+ | **Publication of ''Weishi shuyi'' 唯識述義 (Outline of Yogācāra) by Liang Shuming | ||
+ | **Publication ''Xiangzong gangyao'' 相宗綱要 (The Essential Points of the Dharma Characteristics School) by Mei Guangyi 梅光羲 | ||
+ | *1921 | ||
+ | **Chinese Psychological Society (Zhongguo xinli xuehui 中國心理學會) established | ||
+ | **Publication of ''Dongxiwenhua jiqizhexue'' 東西文化及其哲學 (Eastern and Western Cultures and their Philosophies) by Liang Shuming | ||
+ | *1922 | ||
+ | **Wuchang Buddhist Seminary (Wuchang foxue yuan 武昌佛學院) opens | ||
+ | **Inner Studies Institute (Zhina neixue yuan 支那內學院) Opens | ||
+ | **Death of Zhang Kecheng 張克誠 | ||
+ | *1923 | ||
+ | **Science and Philosophy of Life (Kexue yu rensheng guan 科學與人生觀) Debates begin | ||
+ | *1924 | ||
+ | **Science and Philosophy of Life (Kexue yu rensheng guan 科學與人生觀) Debate end | ||
+ | *1925 | ||
+ | **Publication of articles: | ||
+ | ****“The Mind-Field and the Mind-Element vs. The Main Points of Psychology (Yichu yu yijie duiyu xinlixue shang yaodian 意處與意界對於心理學上之要點),” and “Fojiao xinlixue yu xiyang xinlixue teyi zhi dian 佛教心理學與西洋心理學特異之點,” by Zhang Huasheng 張化聲 | ||
+ | ****“Research into Buddhist Psychology (Fojiao xinlixue zhi yanjiu 佛教心理學之研究),” by Taixu 太虛 | ||
+ | ****“Xinlixue zhi benneng yu weishizong zhongzi zhi guanxi 心理學之本能與唯識宗種子之關係,” by Manzhi 滿智 | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===1926-1929=== | ||
+ | *1926 | ||
+ | **Publication of ''The Scientific Method of Yogācāra'' (Weishi de kexuefangfa 唯識的科學方法) by Tang Dayuan 唐大圓 | ||
+ | **Wuchang Buddhist Seminary (Wuchang foxue yuan 武昌佛學院) closes | ||
+ | **Minnan Buddhist Seminary (Minnan foxueyuan 閩南佛學院) opens | ||
+ | *1927 | ||
+ | **Publication of ''Kexue yu rensheng guan'' 科學與人生觀 (Science and Philosophy of Life), ed. by Hu Shih and Chen Duxiu | ||
+ | **Publication of "Criticism and Investigation of the Buddhist Eight Consciousnesses (Foxue bashi zhi piping yu yanjiu 佛學八識之批評與研究)," by Jin Han 錦漢 | ||
+ | **Death of Nanjō Bunyū 南條文雄 | ||
+ | *1929 | ||
+ | **Publication of "Weishixue yu kexue: Pingpo Jin Han jun zhi [Foxue bashi zhi piping yu yanjiu] 唯識學與科學:評破錦漢君之【佛學八識之批評與研究】," by Fafang 法舫 | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===1930s=== | ||
+ | *1932 | ||
+ | **Sino-Tibetan Institute (Han Zang jiaoli yuan 漢藏教理院) opens in Chongqing | ||
+ | *1935 | ||
+ | **Death of Sylvain Lévi, Huang Jigang 黃季剛 | ||
+ | *1936 | ||
+ | **Death of Zhang Taiyan 章太炎 | ||
+ | *1937 | ||
+ | **Death of Wogihara Unrai 荻原雲來, Baron Alexander von Stäel-Holstein | ||
+ | *1938 | ||
+ | **Death of Louis Étienne Joseph Marie de la Vallée Poussin | ||
+ | *1939 | ||
+ | **Publication of ''Faxiang weishixue'' 法相唯識學 by the Commercial Press in Shanghai—a collection of Taixu’s essays and speeches on Yogācāra | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===1940s=== | ||
+ | *1941 | ||
+ | **Death of Tang Dayuan 唐大圓 | ||
+ | *1942 | ||
+ | **Death of Fyodor Ippolitovich Stcherbatsky | ||
+ | *1943 | ||
+ | **Death of Ouyang Jingwu 歐陽竟無 | ||
+ | *1947 | ||
+ | **Death of Taixu 太虛 | ||
+ | *1948 | ||
+ | **Death of Wang Xiaoxu 王小徐 | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===1950s=== | ||
+ | *1950 | ||
+ | **Publication of ''The History of Yogācāra, and its Philosophy'' (Weishi shiguan ji qi zhexue 唯識史觀及其哲學) by Fafang 法舫 | ||
+ | *1951 | ||
+ | **Death of Fafang 法舫 | ||
+ | *1958 | ||
+ | **Death of Jiang Weiqiao 蔣維喬 | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===1960s=== | ||
+ | *1961 | ||
+ | **Death of Ferdinand Diedrich Lessing | ||
+ | *1963 | ||
+ | **Death of Ui Hakuju 宇井伯壽 | ||
+ | *1964 | ||
+ | **Death of Wang Enyang 王恩洋 | ||
+ | *1968 | ||
+ | **Death of Xiong Shili 熊十力, Fukaura Seibun 深浦正文 | ||
+ | *1969 | ||
+ | **Death of Carsun Chang (Zhang Junmai 張君勱) | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===1970s=== | ||
+ | *1976 | ||
+ | **Death of Yamaguchi Susumu 山口益 | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===1980s=== | ||
+ | *1983 | ||
+ | **Death of Étienne Paul Marie Lamotte | ||
+ | *1988 | ||
+ | **Death of Liang Shuming 梁漱溟 | ||
+ | *1989 | ||
+ | **Death of Lü Cheng 呂澂 | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===1990s=== | ||
+ | *1995 | ||
+ | **Death of Mou Zongsan 牟宗三 | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==21st Century== | ||
+ | *2005 | ||
+ | **Death of Yinshun 印順 |
āTRANSFORMING CONSCIOUSNESS-Chronology of Important Dates
This page contains a chronology for the project TRANSFORMING CONSCIOUSNESS. Enter here important dates from your chapters. Please note the following:
Contents |