1920s

Current revision as of 04:02, 24 January 2010

The 1920s spanned the warlord period, the Northern Expedition, and the establishment of the capital of the Republic of China in Nánjīng 南京.

1920

• 1920 in the Western calendar is roughly equivalent to:
  • Traditional Calendar: gēngshēn 庚申, starting on February 19
  • Traditional Buddhist Year: 2464
  • Current Standard Buddhist Year: 1981
  • Mínguó 民國 9
  • Taishō 大正 9
• Buddhist Events
  • The most important Buddhist periodical of the Republican period, Hǎicháo yīn 海潮音 begins publication
  • The Buddhist Right Faith Society 佛教正信會 is established in Wǔchāng 武昌
  • Hànkǒu Huáyán University 漢口華嚴大學 opens
• Political Events

1921

• 1921 in the Western calendar is roughly equivalent to:
  • Traditional Calendar: xīnyǒu 辛酉, starting on February 8
  • Traditional Buddhist Year: 2465
  • Current Standard Buddhist Year: 1982
  • Mínguó 民國 10
  • Taishō 大正 10
• Buddhist Events
  • Dàojiē 道階 holds ordinations at Fǎyuán Temple 法源寺 in Běijīng 北京. Many ordinands have dharma names 法名.
  • The Guānzōng Research Society 觀宗研究社 changes its name to the Dharma Propagation Research Society 弘法研究社, or the Dharma Propagation Academy 弘法學院.
  • Hán Qīngjìng 韓清淨, Zhū Fèihuáng 朱芾煌, Xú Sēnyù 徐森玉, and Ráo Fēnghuáng 饒風璜 establish the Dharmalakṣaṇa Research Association 法相研究會 in Běijīng 北京. (It later becomes the Three Times Study Group 三時學會)
• Political Events

1922

• 1922 in the Western calendar is roughly equivalent to:
  • Traditional Calendar: rènxū 任戌, starting on January 28
  • Traditional Buddhist Year: 2466
  • Current Standard Buddhist Year: 1983
  • Mínguó 民國 11
  • Taishō 大正 11
• Buddhist Events
  • April: The Buddhist Right Faith Society 佛教正信會 launches a Buddhist studies institute 佛教講習所, headed by Táng Dàyuán 唐大圓
  • Late Summer / Early Fall: Dài Jìtáo 戴季陶 attempts suicide and is saved by what he believes is a halo of Buddha-light
  • September 1: The Wǔchāng Buddhist Seminary 武昌佛學院 begins its first semester
  • The Ānhuī Monastic School 安徽僧學校 begins its first semester, Chángxǐng 常惺 is the principal
  • The Chinese Inner Studies Institute 支那內學院 officially begins operation (after four years of preparation)
  • The Shanghai World Lay Buddhist Association 上海世界佛教居士林 splits into the World Lay Buddhist Association 世界佛教居士林, and the Shanghai Buddhist Pure Karma Society 上海佛教淨業社
• Political Events
  • December 10th: China regains sovereignty of the Jiāozhōu Bay concession 膠州灣 in Shandong 山東 province

1923

• 1923 in the Western calendar is roughly equivalent to:
  • Traditional Calendar: guǐhài 癸亥, starting on February 16
  • Traditional Buddhist Year: 2467
  • Current Standard Buddhist Year: 1984
  • Mínguó 民國 12
  • Taishō 大正 12
• Buddhist Events
  • July: South Seas Buddhist Association News 南瀛佛教會會報 begins publication in Taiwan
  • July 23 - August 11: First meeting of the World Buddhist Federation 世界佛教聯合會 on Lúshān 廬山
  • The periodical Fóhuà xīn qīngnián 佛化新青年 (The Young Men's Buddhistic Monthly) begins publication
  • The periodical Nèixué 內學 (Inner Studies) begins publication
  • Hànkǒu Huáyán University 漢口華嚴大學 closes
• Political Events

1924

• 1924 in the Western calendar is roughly equivalent to:
  • Traditional Calendar: jiǎzǐ 甲子, starting on February 5
  • Traditional Buddhist Year: 2468
  • Current Standard Buddhist Year: 1985
  • Mínguó 民國 13
  • Taishō 大正 13
• Buddhist Events
  • Spring: First and second classes graduate at Wuchang Buddhist Seminary 武昌佛學院
  • July 13 - 15: The second meeting of the World Buddhist Federation 世界佛教聯合會 takes place on Lúshān 廬山
  • Fall: Tàixū 太虛 leaves the Wuchang Buddhist Seminary 武昌佛學院
  • October 11: The Buddhist Tibetan Language College 藏文學院 opens in Bějīng 北京
  • Fóhuà xīn qīngnián 佛化新青年 (The Young Men's Buddhistic Monthly) ceases publication
  • Jǐngxián Buddhist Study Society 景賢學佛社 founded at Nánpǔtuó Temple 南普陀寺
  • The Ānhuī Monastic School 安徽僧學校 closes, much of the staff and student body move to Nánpǔtuó Temple 南普陀寺
  • The Hóngcí Buddhist Seminary 弘慈佛學院 opens at Guǎngjì Temple 廣濟寺 in Běijīng 北京
• Political Events

1925

• 1925 in the Western calendar is roughly equivalent to:
  • Traditional Calendar: yǐchǒu 乙丑, starting on January 24
  • Traditional Buddhist Year: 2469
  • Current Standard Buddhist Year: 1986
  • Mínguó 民國 13
  • Taishō 大正 13
• Buddhist Events
  • November 1 - 2: East Asian Buddhist Conference 東亞佛教大會
  • The Minnan Buddhist Seminary 閩南佛學院 opens at Nánpǔtuó Temple 南普陀寺.
  • The Fóhuà zhōukān 佛化周刊 (Buddhist Monthly) begins publication.
  • The Fóxué yuèbào 佛學月報 (Buddhism Monthly) begins publication.
  • The Fóxué yuèkān 佛學月刊 (Buddhism Monthly) beings publication.
  • Dàyǒng 大勇 closes the Tibetan Language College 藏文學院 and recruits many of the students to form the Residing-in-Tibet Dharma Studies Group 留藏學法團. They leave for Tibet in the fall.
• Political Events
  • March 12: Sun Yat-sen 孫中山 dies

1926

• 1926 in the Western calendar is roughly equivalent to:
  • Traditional Calendar: bingyin 丙寅, starting on February 12
  • Traditional Buddhist Year: 2470
  • Current Standard Buddhist Year: 1987
  • Mínguó 民國 15
  • Taishō 大正 15 / Shōwa 昭和 1
• Buddhist Events
  • The Wǔchāng Buddhist Seminary 武昌佛學院 closes
  • The periodical Dōngfāng wénhuà 東方文化 (Eastern Culture) begins publication.
  • The periodical Sìchuān fójiào yuèkān 四川佛教月刊 (Sichuan Buddhist Monthly) begins publication.
  • The periodical Shìjiè Fójiào jūshìlín línkān 世界佛教居士林林刊 (Magazine of the World Buddhist Lay Association) begins publication.
• Political Events
  • The Northern Expedition begins, leading to massive disruption in the everyday life of China
  • December 25: Taishō Emperor of Japan dies, Shōwa era begins

1927

• 1927 in the Western calendar is roughly equivalent to:
  • Traditional Calendar: dīngmǎo 丁卯, starting on February 2
  • Traditional Buddhist Year: 2471
  • Current Standard Buddhist Year: 1988
  • Mínguó 民國 16
  • Shōwa 昭和 2
• Buddhist Events
  • Tàixū 太虛 becomes abbot of Nánpǔtuó Temple 南普陀寺
  • The periodical Fóhuà xīnwén 佛化新聞 (Buddhist News) begins publication
  • The Residing-in-Tibet Dharma Studies Group 留藏學法團 reaches Garzê Province, where they will remain for nearly four years
  • The the Dharmalakṣaṇa Research Association 法相研究會 in Běijīng 北京 becomes the Three Times Study Group 三時學會
  • Guishan University 龜山書院 for laypeople and monastics is established in Nánchōng county 南充縣, Sìchuān 四川 by Wáng Ēnyáng 王恩洋
• Political Events

1928

• 1928 in the Western calendar is roughly equivalent to:
  • Traditional Calendar: wùchén 戊辰, starting on January 22
  • Traditional Buddhist Year: 2472
  • Current Standard Buddhist Year: 1989
  • Mínguó 民國 17
  • Shōwa 昭和 3
• Buddhist Events
  • Dàojiē 道階 travels to Burma and India, where he makes a vow to build a Chinese temple at Bodhgaya
  • Dàxǐng 大醒 begins publishing Xiàndài sēngqié 現代僧伽 (Modern Sangha) at the Mǐnnán Buddhist Seminary 閩南佛學院
  • The Guānzōng Research Society 觀宗研究社 begins publishing the Periodical of the Dharma Propagation Society 弘法社刊
  • Zhúlín Buddhist Seminary 竹林佛學院 opens at Zhúlín Temple 竹林寺, Zhènjiāng 鎮江
  • Inner Studies 內學 ceases publication
• Political Events
  • June 4: Assassination of Zhāng Zuòlín 張作霖 by Japanese Kantōgun 関東軍 forces outside of Shěnyáng 瀋陽
  • December 29: Zhāng Xuéliáng 張學良 in Manchuria accepts Nationalist rule
  • December 31: Zhāng appointed as commander of Northeast Army, formal reunification of China

1929

• 1929 in the Western calendar is roughly equivalent to:
  • Traditional Calendar: jǐsì 己巳, starting on February 9
  • Traditional Buddhist Year: 2473
  • Current Standard Buddhist Year: 1990
  • Mínguó 民國 18
  • Shōwa 昭和 4
• Buddhist Events
• Political Events
  • January 1: Gregorian calendar officially adopted by the Republic of China