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== Xú Wèirú 徐蔚如 (1878-1937) == | == Xú Wèirú 徐蔚如 (1878-1937) == | ||
| - | He ran two major Buddhist presses in | + | He ran two major Buddhist presses in Běijīng and Tiānjīn in the 1920s and 1930s. His presses and his own lectures and scholarship focused on Huáyán 華嚴 materials. |
* Born [[1878]] (Guāngxù 光緒 4) in Hǎiyán County 海鹽縣, Zhèjiāng 浙江 | * Born [[1878]] (Guāngxù 光緒 4) in Hǎiyán County 海鹽縣, Zhèjiāng 浙江 | ||
| - | * Died [[1937]] (Mínguó 民國 26) in Běijīng 北京 | + | * Died [[1937]] (Mínguó 民國 26) in Běijīng [[北京]] |
* Name 名: Wénwéi 文霨 | * Name 名: Wénwéi 文霨 | ||
* Style name 號: Cángyì 藏一 | * Style name 號: Cángyì 藏一 | ||
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'''Biography''' | '''Biography''' | ||
| - | He received a classical education, learning to read from his mother, from whom he also learned to have faith in Buddhism. At 21, he scored at the top of the exams and became a functionary (部郎) at the capitol. There he taught and held a succession of posts. After the revolution of [[1911]], he moved to | + | He received a classical education, learning to read from his mother, from whom he also learned to have faith in Buddhism. At 21, he scored at the top of the exams and became a functionary (部郎) at the capitol. There he taught and held a succession of posts. After the revolution of [[1911]], he moved to Shànghǎi 上海. He was one of the first representative from Zhèjiāng in the new government. He also edited the Zhejiang Daily News 浙江日報. When Yuán Shìkǎi 袁世凱 took over the government the following year, he spent his time in reciting the Buddha's name 念佛 and studying Buddhist scripture. During this time he visited Dìxián [[諦閑]] at Guānzōng Temple [[觀宗寺]]. Xú paid for printing of 西齋淨土詩 at Yáng Wénhuì’s [[楊文會]] Jinling Scriptural Press [[金陵刻經處]], and published another book as well. |
| - | In [[1914]], Xú went back to the capital and worked with Jiǎng Wéiqiáo [[蔣維喬]] in the ministry of education. They talked about Buddhism often, and Xú studied Consciousness-Only with Zhāng Kèchéng [[張克誠]]. From March to the fall of [[ | + | In [[1914]], Xú went back to the capital and worked with Jiǎng Wéiqiáo [[蔣維喬]] in the ministry of education. They talked about Buddhism often, and Xú studied Consciousness-Only with Zhāng Kèchéng [[張克誠]]. From March to the fall of [[1918]], Xú helped finance Dìxián’s northern lecture tour, in which the monk focused mainly on the ''Sūtra of Perfect Awakening'' 圓覺經. During this tour, Xú took the five precepts under Dìxián. |
| - | Also in [[1918]], Xú donated a lot of money to Buddhist activities aimed at stemming the disastrous drought that hit | + | Also in [[1918]], Xú donated a lot of money to Buddhist activities aimed at stemming the disastrous drought that had hit northern China. That same year, he and several of his friends also started the Bějīing Scriptural Press [[北京刻經處]], but after those friends left for Shànghǎi, he became the sole manager. The following year he started the Tiānjīn Scriptural Press [[天津刻經處]]. |
From [[1920]] to [[1937]], these two presses published about 2,000 volumes. Throughout the 1920s he published a number of central texts related to Huáyán 華嚴, many of which had been lost or out of circulation. | From [[1920]] to [[1937]], these two presses published about 2,000 volumes. Throughout the 1920s he published a number of central texts related to Huáyán 華嚴, many of which had been lost or out of circulation. | ||
| - | In the last years of his life he lectured on the ''Huáyán Sūtra'' 華嚴經 in Tiānjīn. He also established charities to | + | In the last years of his life he lectured on the ''Huáyán Sūtra'' 華嚴經 in Tiānjīn. He also established charities to aid the people displaced by the Second Sino-Japanese War. He apparently worked himself to death, dying in [[1937]]. |
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'''References:''' | '''References:''' | ||
| - | * | + | * {{ZFJS}} Pp. 2.730-732. |
| - | * | + | * {{ZJFRZ}} Pp. 464-470. |
| - | * | + | * {{XFRC}} Pp. 1.836b-838a. |
[[Category:Biography]] | [[Category:Biography]] | ||
He ran two major Buddhist presses in Běijīng and Tiānjīn in the 1920s and 1930s. His presses and his own lectures and scholarship focused on Huáyán 華嚴 materials.
Biography
He received a classical education, learning to read from his mother, from whom he also learned to have faith in Buddhism. At 21, he scored at the top of the exams and became a functionary (部郎) at the capitol. There he taught and held a succession of posts. After the revolution of 1911, he moved to Shànghǎi 上海. He was one of the first representative from Zhèjiāng in the new government. He also edited the Zhejiang Daily News 浙江日報. When Yuán Shìkǎi 袁世凱 took over the government the following year, he spent his time in reciting the Buddha's name 念佛 and studying Buddhist scripture. During this time he visited Dìxián 諦閑 at Guānzōng Temple 觀宗寺. Xú paid for printing of 西齋淨土詩 at Yáng Wénhuì’s 楊文會 Jinling Scriptural Press 金陵刻經處, and published another book as well.
In 1914, Xú went back to the capital and worked with Jiǎng Wéiqiáo 蔣維喬 in the ministry of education. They talked about Buddhism often, and Xú studied Consciousness-Only with Zhāng Kèchéng 張克誠. From March to the fall of 1918, Xú helped finance Dìxián’s northern lecture tour, in which the monk focused mainly on the Sūtra of Perfect Awakening 圓覺經. During this tour, Xú took the five precepts under Dìxián.
Also in 1918, Xú donated a lot of money to Buddhist activities aimed at stemming the disastrous drought that had hit northern China. That same year, he and several of his friends also started the Bějīing Scriptural Press 北京刻經處, but after those friends left for Shànghǎi, he became the sole manager. The following year he started the Tiānjīn Scriptural Press 天津刻經處.
From 1920 to 1937, these two presses published about 2,000 volumes. Throughout the 1920s he published a number of central texts related to Huáyán 華嚴, many of which had been lost or out of circulation.
In the last years of his life he lectured on the Huáyán Sūtra 華嚴經 in Tiānjīn. He also established charities to aid the people displaced by the Second Sino-Japanese War. He apparently worked himself to death, dying in 1937.
Notes:
References: