Yuanying 圓瑛 - Revision history

Erik hammerstrom at 03:03, 29 September 2010

2010-09-29T03:03:15Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 03:03, 29 September 2010
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	Both of Yuányīng's parents died when he was five. At the age of six he began education at a classical academy. He earned his ''Xiūcái'' 秀才 Degree at 16. At 18 he became seriously ill and vowed that if he were to recover he would ordain as a monk. The following year he recovered and took tonsured under Zēngxī shàngrén 增西上人 at Méifēng Temple 梅峰寺. He was ordained under Miàolián [[妙蓮]] at Yǒngquán Temple [[湧泉寺]] in May of [[1897]] (4 Guāngxù 光緒 23).		Both of Yuányīng's parents died when he was five. At the age of six he began education at a classical academy. He earned his ''Xiūcái'' 秀才 Degree at 16. At 18 he became seriously ill and vowed that if he were to recover he would ordain as a monk. The following year he recovered and took tonsured under Zēngxī shàngrén 增西上人 at Méifēng Temple 梅峰寺. He was ordained under Miàolián [[妙蓮]] at Yǒngquán Temple [[湧泉寺]] in May of [[1897]] (4 Guāngxù 光緒 23).

-	Yuányīng studied asceticism and ritual under Dáběn 達本, abbot of Chóngshèng Temple [[崇聖寺]] on Great Snowy Peak 大雪峰. After this, Yuányīng traveled to study Chán with ~~Zhìkāi~~ [[治開]], abbot of Chángzhōu's [[常州]] Tiānníng Temple [[天寧寺]]. He stayed there until April, [[1903]] (3 Guāngxù 光緒 29), at which point he went to Tiāntóng Temple [[天童寺]] in Níngbō [[寧波]], where he studied with Jìchán [[寄禪]].	+	Yuányīng studied asceticism and ritual under Dáběn 達本, abbot of Chóngshèng Temple [[崇聖寺]] on Great Snowy Peak 大雪峰. After this, Yuányīng traveled to study Chán with Yěkāi [[冶開]], abbot of Chángzhōu's [[常州]] Tiānníng Temple [[天寧寺]]. He stayed there until April, [[1903]] (3 Guāngxù 光緒 29), at which point he went to Tiāntóng Temple [[天童寺]] in Níngbō [[寧波]], where he studied with Jìchán [[寄禪]].

	In July or August of [[1906]] (6 Guāngxù 光緒 32) Yuányīng received dharma transmission from Cíyùn 慈運 of Níngbō's Qītǎ Bàoēn Temple 七塔[[報恩寺]], making him a 40th-generation holder of the Línjì 臨濟 lineage. That same year, Yuányīng met Tàixū [[太虛]], who had come to Tiāntóng Temple to receive the precepts.		In July or August of [[1906]] (6 Guāngxù 光緒 32) Yuányīng received dharma transmission from Cíyùn 慈運 of Níngbō's Qītǎ Bàoēn Temple 七塔[[報恩寺]], making him a 40th-generation holder of the Línjì 臨濟 lineage. That same year, Yuányīng met Tàixū [[太虛]], who had come to Tiāntóng Temple to receive the precepts.

Erik hammerstrom: moved 圓瑛 to Yuanying 圓瑛: To accord with new protocol

2010-03-30T14:05:31Z

moved 圓瑛 to Yuanying 圓瑛: To accord with new protocol

← Older revision

Revision as of 14:05, 30 March 2010

Erik hammerstrom at 14:05, 30 March 2010

2010-03-30T14:05:19Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:05, 30 March 2010
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	}}		}}

-	== Yuányīng 圓瑛 (1878-1953) ==	+	'''Yuányīng 圓瑛 (1878-1953)''' was a towering figure of Republican Buddhism, and a critic of Tàixū's more radical suggestions for reform. He was president of the Chinese Buddhist Association [[中國佛教會]] from [[1928]] to [[1937]]. He was also the abbot of a number of important temples in the Jiāngnán [[江南]] region.

-	A towering figure of Republican Buddhism, and a critic of Tàixū's more radical suggestions for reform. He was president of the Chinese Buddhist Association [[中國佛教會]] from [[1928]] to [[1937]]. He was also the abbot of a number of important temples in the Jiāngnán [[江南]] region.	+	==Biography==
-		+
-	~~'''~~Biography~~'''~~	+

	Both of Yuányīng's parents died when he was five. At the age of six he began education at a classical academy. He earned his ''Xiūcái'' 秀才 Degree at 16. At 18 he became seriously ill and vowed that if he were to recover he would ordain as a monk. The following year he recovered and took tonsured under Zēngxī shàngrén 增西上人 at Méifēng Temple 梅峰寺. He was ordained under Miàolián [[妙蓮]] at Yǒngquán Temple [[湧泉寺]] in May of [[1897]] (4 Guāngxù 光緒 23).		Both of Yuányīng's parents died when he was five. At the age of six he began education at a classical academy. He earned his ''Xiūcái'' 秀才 Degree at 16. At 18 he became seriously ill and vowed that if he were to recover he would ordain as a monk. The following year he recovered and took tonsured under Zēngxī shàngrén 增西上人 at Méifēng Temple 梅峰寺. He was ordained under Miàolián [[妙蓮]] at Yǒngquán Temple [[湧泉寺]] in May of [[1897]] (4 Guāngxù 光緒 23).
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	In [[1938]], Yuányīng once again traveled to Southeast Asia, returning to Shànghǎi in August. During the Second Sino-Japanese War, he lived at the Yuánmíng Lecture Hall 圓明講堂. At this point in his life he began teaching and writing almost exclusively on the ''Śūraṃgama Sūtra'' 楞嚴經.		In [[1938]], Yuányīng once again traveled to Southeast Asia, returning to Shànghǎi in August. During the Second Sino-Japanese War, he lived at the Yuánmíng Lecture Hall 圓明講堂. At this point in his life he began teaching and writing almost exclusively on the ''Śūraṃgama Sūtra'' 楞嚴經.

-	~~----~~	+	==Important Works==
-	~~'''~~Important Works~~'''~~	+
	* Yuányīng's oeuvre is extensive. Much of his work is available on-line, see [http://www.bfnn.org/yuanyind/gb/article.htm 圓瑛大師網路專輯]		* Yuányīng's oeuvre is extensive. Much of his work is available on-line, see [http://www.bfnn.org/yuanyind/gb/article.htm 圓瑛大師網路專輯]

-	~~----~~	+	==References==
-	~~'''~~References~~:'''~~	+
	* {{ZFJS}} Pp. 2.804-805.		* {{ZFJS}} Pp. 2.804-805.
	* {{XFRC}} Pp. 1.1267b-7a.		* {{XFRC}} Pp. 1.1267b-7a.

	[[Category:Biography]]		[[Category:Biography]]

Erik hammerstrom at 21:05, 29 January 2010

2010-01-29T21:05:19Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:05, 29 January 2010
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	* Courtesy name 字: Yuányīng 圓瑛		* Courtesy name 字: Yuányīng 圓瑛
	* Dharma name 法名: Hóngwù 宏悟		* Dharma name 法名: Hóngwù 宏悟
-	\|image=[[File:Yuanying.jpg\|center\|Yuányīng]]	+	\|image=[[File:Yuanying.jpg\|200px\|center\|Yuányīng]]
	\|birth=June 20, [[1878]] (5/20 Guāngxù 光緒 4) in Gǔtián County 古田縣, Fújiàn [[福建]]		\|birth=June 20, [[1878]] (5/20 Guāngxù 光緒 4) in Gǔtián County 古田縣, Fújiàn [[福建]]
	\|death=at 11p.m. on September 19, 1953 (Mínguó 民國 42) at Tiāntóng Temple [[天童寺]], Níngbō [[寧波]]		\|death=at 11p.m. on September 19, 1953 (Mínguó 民國 42) at Tiāntóng Temple [[天童寺]], Níngbō [[寧波]]
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	'''Biography'''		'''Biography'''

-	Both of Yuányīng's parents died when he was five. At the age of six he began education at a classical academy. He earned his Xiūcái 秀才 Degree at 16. At 18 he became seriously ill and vowed that if he were to recover, he would ~~be ordained~~ as a monk. The following year he recovered and he took tonsured under Zēngxī shàngrén 增西上人 at Méifēng Temple 梅峰寺. He was ordained under Miàolián [[妙蓮]] at Yǒngquán Temple 湧泉寺 in May of [[1897]] (4 Guāngxù 光緒 23).	+	Both of Yuányīng's parents died when he was five. At the age of six he began education at a classical academy. He earned his ''Xiūcái'' 秀才 Degree at 16. At 18 he became seriously ill and vowed that if he were to recover he would ordain as a monk. The following year he recovered and took tonsured under Zēngxī shàngrén 增西上人 at Méifēng Temple 梅峰寺. He was ordained under Miàolián [[妙蓮]] at Yǒngquán Temple [[湧泉寺]] in May of [[1897]] (4 Guāngxù 光緒 23).

-	He studied asceticism and ritual under Dáběn 達本, abbot of Chóngshèng Temple [[崇聖寺]] on Great Snowy Peak 大雪峰. After this, Yuányīng traveled to study Chán with Zhìkāi [[治開]], abbot of Chángzhōu's 常州 Tiānníng Temple [[天寧寺]]. He stayed there until April, [[1903]] (3 Guāngxù 光緒 29), at which point he went to Tiāntóng Temple [[天童寺]] in Níngbō 寧波, where he studied with Jìchán [[寄禪]].	+	Yuányīng studied asceticism and ritual under Dáběn 達本, abbot of Chóngshèng Temple [[崇聖寺]] on Great Snowy Peak 大雪峰. After this, Yuányīng traveled to study Chán with Zhìkāi [[治開]], abbot of Chángzhōu's [[常州]] Tiānníng Temple [[天寧寺]]. He stayed there until April, [[1903]] (3 Guāngxù 光緒 29), at which point he went to Tiāntóng Temple [[天童寺]] in Níngbō [[寧波]], where he studied with Jìchán [[寄禪]].

	In July or August of [[1906]] (6 Guāngxù 光緒 32) Yuányīng received dharma transmission from Cíyùn 慈運 of Níngbō's Qītǎ Bàoēn Temple 七塔[[報恩寺]], making him a 40th-generation holder of the Línjì 臨濟 lineage. That same year, Yuányīng met Tàixū [[太虛]], who had come to Tiāntóng Temple to receive the precepts.		In July or August of [[1906]] (6 Guāngxù 光緒 32) Yuányīng received dharma transmission from Cíyùn 慈運 of Níngbō's Qītǎ Bàoēn Temple 七塔[[報恩寺]], making him a 40th-generation holder of the Línjì 臨濟 lineage. That same year, Yuányīng met Tàixū [[太虛]], who had come to Tiāntóng Temple to receive the precepts.

-	In [[1912]], Yuányīng accompanied Jìchán to Shànghǎi, where he joined the latter as ~~part of~~ the newly-formed Chinese General Buddhist Association [[中華佛教總會]].	+	In [[1912]], Yuányīng accompanied Jìchán to Shànghǎi [[上海]], where he joined the latter as a participant in the newly-formed Chinese General Buddhist Association [[中華佛教總會]].

	In November, [[1914]], Yuányīng traveled to South and Southeast Asia, visiting Buddhist communities in Sri Lanka, India, Burma, Malaysia, and Singapore.		In November, [[1914]], Yuányīng traveled to South and Southeast Asia, visiting Buddhist communities in Sri Lanka, India, Burma, Malaysia, and Singapore.

-	In the 1920s, Yuányīng served as abbot of a number of different temples. He became abbot of Quánzhōu's 泉州 Kāiyuán Temple 開元寺 in March of [[1924]], and abbot of Chóngshèng Temple in October [[1928]]. He became abbot of Bàoēn Temple in [[1929]], and abbot of Tāintóng Temple in February, [[1930]].	+	In the 1920s, Yuányīng served as abbot of a number of different temples. He became abbot of Quánzhōu's [[泉州]] Kāiyuán Temple 開元寺 in March of [[1924]], and abbot of Chóngshèng Temple in October [[1928]]. He became abbot of Bàoēn Temple in [[1929]], and abbot of Tāintóng Temple in February, [[1930]].

-	In [[1928]], Yuányīng was elected chairman of the Chinese Buddhist Association [[中國佛教會]], a position he held (with a brief interruption in [[1931]]) until the Association ceased to function with the Second Sino-Japanese War. During the war, he helped organize a monastic defense force, composed of members of the Young Men's Buddhist Associations [[佛教青年會]] of the Jiāngnán region.	+	In [[1928]], Yuányīng was elected chairman of the Chinese Buddhist Association [[中國佛教會]], a position he held (with a brief interruption in [[1931]]) until the Association ceased to function with the Second Sino-Japanese War. During the war, he helped organize a monastic defense force, composed of members of the Young Men's Buddhist Associations [[佛教青年會]] of the Jiāngnán [[江南]] region.

-	In [[1938]], he once again traveled to Southeast Asia, returning to Shànghǎi in August. During the War, he lived at the Yuánmíng Lecture Hall 圓明講堂. ~~During~~ this ~~period~~ he began teaching and writing almost exclusively on the ''Śūraṃgama Sūtra'' 楞嚴經.	+	In [[1938]], Yuányīng once again traveled to Southeast Asia, returning to Shànghǎi in August. During the Second Sino-Japanese War, he lived at the Yuánmíng Lecture Hall 圓明講堂. At this point in his life he began teaching and writing almost exclusively on the ''Śūraṃgama Sūtra'' 楞嚴經.

	----		----

Erik hammerstrom at 16:08, 6 January 2010

2010-01-06T16:08:08Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:08, 6 January 2010
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	----		----
	'''References:'''		'''References:'''
		+	* {{ZFJS}} Pp. 2.804-805.
	* {{XFRC}} Pp. 1.1267b-7a.		* {{XFRC}} Pp. 1.1267b-7a.

	[[Category:Biography]]		[[Category:Biography]]

Erik hammerstrom at 19:00, 2 January 2010

2010-01-02T19:00:54Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:00, 2 January 2010
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	* Courtesy name 字: Yuányīng 圓瑛		* Courtesy name 字: Yuányīng 圓瑛
	* Dharma name 法名: Hóngwù 宏悟		* Dharma name 法名: Hóngwù 宏悟
-	\|image=[[File:Yuanying.jpg\|~~right~~\|Yuányīng]]	+	\|image=[[File:Yuanying.jpg\|center\|Yuányīng]]
	\|birth=June 20, [[1878]] (5/20 Guāngxù 光緒 4) in Gǔtián County 古田縣, Fújiàn [[福建]]		\|birth=June 20, [[1878]] (5/20 Guāngxù 光緒 4) in Gǔtián County 古田縣, Fújiàn [[福建]]
	\|death=at 11p.m. on September 19, 1953 (Mínguó 民國 42) at Tiāntóng Temple [[天童寺]], Níngbō [[寧波]]		\|death=at 11p.m. on September 19, 1953 (Mínguó 民國 42) at Tiāntóng Temple [[天童寺]], Níngbō [[寧波]]

Erik hammerstrom at 15:26, 31 December 2009

2009-12-31T15:26:26Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:26, 31 December 2009
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-	~~[[File:Yuanying.jpg~~\|~~right\|Yuányīng]]~~	+	{{Bio_infobox
-		+	\|name-date=Yuányīng 圓瑛 (1878-1953)
-	== Yuányīng 圓瑛 (1878-1953) ==	+	\|names=* Lay Surname 俗姓: Wú 吳
-		+
-	A towering figure of Republican Buddhism, and a critic of Tàixū's more radical suggestions for reform. He was president of the Chinese Buddhist Association [[中國佛教會]] from [[1928]] to [[1937]]. He was also the abbot of a number of important temples in the Jiāngnán [[江南]] region.	+
-		+
-	* Born June 20, [[1878]] (5/20 Guāngxù 光緒 4) in Gǔtián County 古田縣, Fújiàn [[福建]]	+
-	* Died at 11p.m. on September 19, 1953 (Mínguó 民國 42) at Tiāntóng Temple [[天童寺]], Níngbō [[寧波]]	+
-	* Lay Surname 俗姓: Wú 吳	+
	* Name 名: Hēngchūn 亨春		* Name 名: Hēngchūn 亨春
	* Style name 號: Tāoguāng 韜光		* Style name 號: Tāoguāng 韜光
	* Courtesy name 字: Yuányīng 圓瑛		* Courtesy name 字: Yuányīng 圓瑛
	* Dharma name 法名: Hóngwù 宏悟		* Dharma name 法名: Hóngwù 宏悟
		+	\|image=[[File:Yuanying.jpg\|right\|Yuányīng]]
		+	\|birth=June 20, [[1878]] (5/20 Guāngxù 光緒 4) in Gǔtián County 古田縣, Fújiàn [[福建]]
		+	\|death=at 11p.m. on September 19, 1953 (Mínguó 民國 42) at Tiāntóng Temple [[天童寺]], Níngbō [[寧波]]
		+	\|associates=Notable Associates:
		+	* Jìchán [[寄禪]]
		+	* Tàixū [[太虛]]
		+	\|editor-name=Erik Hammerstrom
		+	}}

		+	== Yuányīng 圓瑛 (1878-1953) ==
		+
		+	A towering figure of Republican Buddhism, and a critic of Tàixū's more radical suggestions for reform. He was president of the Chinese Buddhist Association [[中國佛教會]] from [[1928]] to [[1937]]. He was also the abbot of a number of important temples in the Jiāngnán [[江南]] region.

	'''Biography'''		'''Biography'''

Erik hammerstrom at 23:44, 30 June 2009

2009-06-30T23:44:02Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:44, 30 June 2009
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	== Yuányīng 圓瑛 (1878-1953) ==		== Yuányīng 圓瑛 (1878-1953) ==

-	A towering figure of Republican Buddhism, and a critic of Tàixū's more radical suggestions for reform. He was president of the Chinese Buddhist Association [[中國佛教會]] from [[1928]] to [[1937]]. He was the abbot of a number of important temples in the Jiāngnán [[江南]] region.	+	A towering figure of Republican Buddhism, and a critic of Tàixū's more radical suggestions for reform. He was president of the Chinese Buddhist Association [[中國佛教會]] from [[1928]] to [[1937]]. He was also the abbot of a number of important temples in the Jiāngnán [[江南]] region.

	* Born June 20, [[1878]] (5/20 Guāngxù 光緒 4) in Gǔtián County 古田縣, Fújiàn [[福建]]		* Born June 20, [[1878]] (5/20 Guāngxù 光緒 4) in Gǔtián County 古田縣, Fújiàn [[福建]]
-	* Died at 11p.m. on September 19, [[1953]] (Mínguó 民國 42) at Tiāntóng Temple [[天童寺]], Níngbō [[寧波]]	+	* Died at 11p.m. on September 19, 1953 (Mínguó 民國 42) at Tiāntóng Temple [[天童寺]], Níngbō [[寧波]]
	* Lay Surname 俗姓: Wú 吳		* Lay Surname 俗姓: Wú 吳
	* Name 名: Hēngchūn 亨春		* Name 名: Hēngchūn 亨春
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	'''Biography'''		'''Biography'''

-	Both ~~his~~ parents died when he was five. At the age of six he began education at a classical academy. He earned his Xiūcái 秀才 Degree at 16. At 8 he became seriously ill and vowed that if he were to recover, he would be ordained as a monk. The following year he recovered and he took tonsured under Zēngxī shàngrén 增西上人 at Méifēng Temple 梅峰寺. He was ordained under Miàolián [[妙蓮]] at Yǒngquán Temple 湧泉寺 in May of [[1897]] (4 Guāngxù 光緒 23).	+	Both of Yuányīng's parents died when he was five. At the age of six he began education at a classical academy. He earned his Xiūcái 秀才 Degree at 16. At 18 he became seriously ill and vowed that if he were to recover, he would be ordained as a monk. The following year he recovered and he took tonsured under Zēngxī shàngrén 增西上人 at Méifēng Temple 梅峰寺. He was ordained under Miàolián [[妙蓮]] at Yǒngquán Temple 湧泉寺 in May of [[1897]] (4 Guāngxù 光緒 23).

-	He studied asceticism and ritual under Dáběn 達本, abbot of Chóngshèng Temple [[崇聖寺]] on Great Snowy Peak 大雪峰. ~~He traveled~~, ~~and studied~~ Chán with Zhìkāi [[治開]], abbot of Chángzhōu's 常州 Tiānníng Temple [[天寧寺]]. He stayed until April, [[1903]] (3 Guāngxù 光緒 29), at which point he went to Tiāntóng Temple [[天童寺]] in Níngbō 寧波~~. There~~ he studied with Jìchán [[寄禪]].	+	He studied asceticism and ritual under Dáběn 達本, abbot of Chóngshèng Temple [[崇聖寺]] on Great Snowy Peak 大雪峰. After this, Yuányīng traveled to study Chán with Zhìkāi [[治開]], abbot of Chángzhōu's 常州 Tiānníng Temple [[天寧寺]]. He stayed there until April, [[1903]] (3 Guāngxù 光緒 29), at which point he went to Tiāntóng Temple [[天童寺]] in Níngbō 寧波, where he studied with Jìchán [[寄禪]].

-	In July or August of [[1906]] (6 Guāngxù 光緒 32) he received dharma transmission from ~~Cìyùn~~ 慈運 of Níngbō's Qītǎ Bàoēn Temple 七塔[[報恩寺]], making him a 40th generation holder of the Línjì 臨濟 lineage. That same year, Yuányīng met Tàixū [[太虛]], who had come to Tiāntóng Temple to receive the precepts.	+	In July or August of [[1906]] (6 Guāngxù 光緒 32) Yuányīng received dharma transmission from Cíyùn 慈運 of Níngbō's Qītǎ Bàoēn Temple 七塔[[報恩寺]], making him a 40th-generation holder of the Línjì 臨濟 lineage. That same year, Yuányīng met Tàixū [[太虛]], who had come to Tiāntóng Temple to receive the precepts.

	In [[1912]], Yuányīng accompanied Jìchán to Shànghǎi, where he joined the latter as part of the newly-formed Chinese General Buddhist Association [[中華佛教總會]].		In [[1912]], Yuányīng accompanied Jìchán to Shànghǎi, where he joined the latter as part of the newly-formed Chinese General Buddhist Association [[中華佛教總會]].
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	In November, [[1914]], Yuányīng traveled to South and Southeast Asia, visiting Buddhist communities in Sri Lanka, India, Burma, Malaysia, and Singapore.		In November, [[1914]], Yuányīng traveled to South and Southeast Asia, visiting Buddhist communities in Sri Lanka, India, Burma, Malaysia, and Singapore.

-	He became abbot of Quánzhōu's 泉州 Kāiyuán Temple 開元寺 in March, [[1924]], and abbot of Chóngshèng Temple October, [[1928]]. He became abbot of Bàoēn Temple in [[1929]], and abbot of Tāintóng Temple in February, [[1930]].	+	In the 1920s, Yuányīng served as abbot of a number of different temples. He became abbot of Quánzhōu's 泉州 Kāiyuán Temple 開元寺 in March of [[1924]], and abbot of Chóngshèng Temple in October [[1928]]. He became abbot of Bàoēn Temple in [[1929]], and abbot of Tāintóng Temple in February, [[1930]].

	In [[1928]], Yuányīng was elected chairman of the Chinese Buddhist Association [[中國佛教會]], a position he held (with a brief interruption in [[1931]]) until the Association ceased to function with the Second Sino-Japanese War. During the war, he helped organize a monastic defense force, composed of members of the Young Men's Buddhist Associations [[佛教青年會]] of the Jiāngnán region.		In [[1928]], Yuányīng was elected chairman of the Chinese Buddhist Association [[中國佛教會]], a position he held (with a brief interruption in [[1931]]) until the Association ceased to function with the Second Sino-Japanese War. During the war, he helped organize a monastic defense force, composed of members of the Young Men's Buddhist Associations [[佛教青年會]] of the Jiāngnán region.

	In [[1938]], he once again traveled to Southeast Asia, returning to Shànghǎi in August. During the War, he lived at the Yuánmíng Lecture Hall 圓明講堂. During this period he began teaching and writing almost exclusively on the ''Śūraṃgama Sūtra'' 楞嚴經.		In [[1938]], he once again traveled to Southeast Asia, returning to Shànghǎi in August. During the War, he lived at the Yuánmíng Lecture Hall 圓明講堂. During this period he began teaching and writing almost exclusively on the ''Śūraṃgama Sūtra'' 楞嚴經.
-

	----		----
	'''Important Works'''		'''Important Works'''
-		+	* Yuányīng's oeuvre is extensive. Much of his work is available on-line, see [http://www.bfnn.org/yuanyind/gb/article.htm 圓瑛大師網路專輯]
-	Yuányīng's oeuvre is extensive. Much of his work is available on-line, see [http://www.bfnn.org/yuanyind/gb/article.htm 圓瑛大師網路專輯]	+
-		+

	----		----
	'''References:'''		'''References:'''
-		+	* {{XFRC}} Pp. 1.1267b-7a.
-	~~Yú Língbō 于凌波, ed~~. ~~''Xiàndài fójiào rénwù cídiǎn'' 現代佛教人物辭典 (A Dictionary of Modern Buddhist Persons), 2 vols. (Taipei: Foguang, 2004),~~ 1:1267b-7a.	+

	[[Category:Biography]]		[[Category:Biography]]

Greg at 22:32, 21 June 2009

2009-06-21T22:32:38Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:32, 21 June 2009
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	== Yuányīng 圓瑛 (1878-1953) ==		== Yuányīng 圓瑛 (1878-1953) ==

-	A towering figure of Republican Buddhism, and a critic of Tàixū's more radical suggestions for reform. He was president of the Chinese Buddhist Association from 1928 to 1937. He was the abbot of a number of important temples in the Jiāngnán 江南 region.	+	A towering figure of Republican Buddhism, and a critic of Tàixū's more radical suggestions for reform. He was president of the Chinese Buddhist Association [[中國佛教會]] from [[1928]] to [[1937]]. He was the abbot of a number of important temples in the Jiāngnán [[江南]] region.

-	* Born June 20, [[1878]] (5/20 Guāngxù 光緒 4) in Gǔtián County 古田縣, Fújiàn 福建	+	* Born June 20, [[1878]] (5/20 Guāngxù 光緒 4) in Gǔtián County 古田縣, Fújiàn [[福建]]
-	* Died at 11p.m. on September 19, [[1953]] (Mínguó 民國 42) at Tiāntóng Temple [[天童寺]], Níngbō 寧波	+	* Died at 11p.m. on September 19, [[1953]] (Mínguó 民國 42) at Tiāntóng Temple [[天童寺]], Níngbō [[寧波]]
-	* Lay Surname 姓: Wú 吳	+	* Lay Surname 俗姓: Wú 吳
	* Name 名: Hēngchūn 亨春		* Name 名: Hēngchūn 亨春
-	* Style ~~names~~ 號: Tāoguāng 韜光	+	* Style name 號: Tāoguāng 韜光
-	* Courtesy ~~names~~ 字: Yuányīng 圓瑛	+	* Courtesy name 字: Yuányīng 圓瑛
-	* Dharma ~~names~~ 法名: Hóngwù 宏悟	+	* Dharma name 法名: Hóngwù 宏悟


	'''Biography'''		'''Biography'''

-	Both his parents died when he was five. At the age of six he began education at a classical academy. He earned his Xiūcái 秀才 Degree at 16. At 8 he became seriously ill and vowed that if he were to recover, he would ~~ordain~~ as a monk. The following year he recovered and he took tonsured under Zēngxī shàngrén 增西上人 at Méifēng Temple 梅峰寺. He ordained under Miàolián [[妙蓮]] at Yǒngquán Temple 湧泉寺 in May of [[1897]] (4 Guāngxù 光緒 23).	+	Both his parents died when he was five. At the age of six he began education at a classical academy. He earned his Xiūcái 秀才 Degree at 16. At 8 he became seriously ill and vowed that if he were to recover, he would be ordained as a monk. The following year he recovered and he took tonsured under Zēngxī shàngrén 增西上人 at Méifēng Temple 梅峰寺. He was ordained under Miàolián [[妙蓮]] at Yǒngquán Temple 湧泉寺 in May of [[1897]] (4 Guāngxù 光緒 23).

	He studied asceticism and ritual under Dáběn 達本, abbot of Chóngshèng Temple [[崇聖寺]] on Great Snowy Peak 大雪峰. He traveled, and studied Chán with Zhìkāi [[治開]], abbot of Chángzhōu's 常州 Tiānníng Temple [[天寧寺]]. He stayed until April, [[1903]] (3 Guāngxù 光緒 29), at which point he went to Tiāntóng Temple [[天童寺]] in Níngbō 寧波. There he studied with Jìchán [[寄禪]].		He studied asceticism and ritual under Dáběn 達本, abbot of Chóngshèng Temple [[崇聖寺]] on Great Snowy Peak 大雪峰. He traveled, and studied Chán with Zhìkāi [[治開]], abbot of Chángzhōu's 常州 Tiānníng Temple [[天寧寺]]. He stayed until April, [[1903]] (3 Guāngxù 光緒 29), at which point he went to Tiāntóng Temple [[天童寺]] in Níngbō 寧波. There he studied with Jìchán [[寄禪]].

-	In July or August of [[1906]] (6 Guāngxù 光緒 32) he received dharma transmission from Cìyùn 慈運 of Níngbō's Qītǎ Bàoēn Temple 七塔[[報恩寺]], making him a 40th generation holder of the Línjì 臨濟 lineage. That same year, Yuányīng met Tàixū [[太虛]], who had come to ~~Tāintóng~~ Temple to receive the precepts.	+	In July or August of [[1906]] (6 Guāngxù 光緒 32) he received dharma transmission from Cìyùn 慈運 of Níngbō's Qītǎ Bàoēn Temple 七塔[[報恩寺]], making him a 40th generation holder of the Línjì 臨濟 lineage. That same year, Yuányīng met Tàixū [[太虛]], who had come to Tiāntóng Temple to receive the precepts.

	In [[1912]], Yuányīng accompanied Jìchán to Shànghǎi, where he joined the latter as part of the newly-formed Chinese General Buddhist Association [[中華佛教總會]].		In [[1912]], Yuányīng accompanied Jìchán to Shànghǎi, where he joined the latter as part of the newly-formed Chinese General Buddhist Association [[中華佛教總會]].
Line 26:		Line 26:
	In November, [[1914]], Yuányīng traveled to South and Southeast Asia, visiting Buddhist communities in Sri Lanka, India, Burma, Malaysia, and Singapore.		In November, [[1914]], Yuányīng traveled to South and Southeast Asia, visiting Buddhist communities in Sri Lanka, India, Burma, Malaysia, and Singapore.

-	He became abbot of Quánzhōu's 泉州 Kāiyuán Temple 開元寺 in March, [[1924]], and abbot of Chóngshèng Temple October, 1928. He became abbot of Bàoēn Temple in [[1929]], and abbot of Tāintóng Temple in February, [[1930]].	+	He became abbot of Quánzhōu's 泉州 Kāiyuán Temple 開元寺 in March, [[1924]], and abbot of Chóngshèng Temple October, [[1928]]. He became abbot of Bàoēn Temple in [[1929]], and abbot of Tāintóng Temple in February, [[1930]].

-	In [[1928]], Yuányīng was elected chairman of the Chinese Buddhist Association [[中國佛教會]], a position he held (with ~~only~~ brief interruption in [[1931]]) until the Association ceased to function with the Second Sino-Japanese War. During the ~~War~~, he helped organize a monastic defense force, composed of members of the Young Men's Buddhist Associations [[佛教青年會]] of the Jiāngnán region.	+	In [[1928]], Yuányīng was elected chairman of the Chinese Buddhist Association [[中國佛教會]], a position he held (with a brief interruption in [[1931]]) until the Association ceased to function with the Second Sino-Japanese War. During the war, he helped organize a monastic defense force, composed of members of the Young Men's Buddhist Associations [[佛教青年會]] of the Jiāngnán region.

	In [[1938]], he once again traveled to Southeast Asia, returning to Shànghǎi in August. During the War, he lived at the Yuánmíng Lecture Hall 圓明講堂. During this period he began teaching and writing almost exclusively on the ''Śūraṃgama Sūtra'' 楞嚴經.		In [[1938]], he once again traveled to Southeast Asia, returning to Shànghǎi in August. During the War, he lived at the Yuánmíng Lecture Hall 圓明講堂. During this period he began teaching and writing almost exclusively on the ''Śūraṃgama Sūtra'' 楞嚴經.

Erik hammerstrom at 16:56, 25 May 2009

2009-05-25T16:56:16Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:56, 25 May 2009
Line 18:		Line 18:
	Both his parents died when he was five. At the age of six he began education at a classical academy. He earned his Xiūcái 秀才 Degree at 16. At 8 he became seriously ill and vowed that if he were to recover, he would ordain as a monk. The following year he recovered and he took tonsured under Zēngxī shàngrén 增西上人 at Méifēng Temple 梅峰寺. He ordained under Miàolián [[妙蓮]] at Yǒngquán Temple 湧泉寺 in May of [[1897]] (4 Guāngxù 光緒 23).		Both his parents died when he was five. At the age of six he began education at a classical academy. He earned his Xiūcái 秀才 Degree at 16. At 8 he became seriously ill and vowed that if he were to recover, he would ordain as a monk. The following year he recovered and he took tonsured under Zēngxī shàngrén 增西上人 at Méifēng Temple 梅峰寺. He ordained under Miàolián [[妙蓮]] at Yǒngquán Temple 湧泉寺 in May of [[1897]] (4 Guāngxù 光緒 23).

-	He studied asceticism and ritual under Dáběn 達本, abbot of Chóngshèng Temple [[崇聖寺]] on Great Snowy Peak 大雪峰. He traveled, and studied Chán with Zhìkāi [[治開]], abbot of Chángzhōu's 常州 Tiānníng Temple [[天寧寺]]. He stayed until April, [[1903]] (3 Guāngxù 光緒 29), at which point he went to Tiāntóng Temple 天童寺 in Níngbō 寧波. There he studied with Jìchán [[寄禪]].	+	He studied asceticism and ritual under Dáběn 達本, abbot of Chóngshèng Temple [[崇聖寺]] on Great Snowy Peak 大雪峰. He traveled, and studied Chán with Zhìkāi [[治開]], abbot of Chángzhōu's 常州 Tiānníng Temple [[天寧寺]]. He stayed until April, [[1903]] (3 Guāngxù 光緒 29), at which point he went to Tiāntóng Temple [[天童寺]] in Níngbō 寧波. There he studied with Jìchán [[寄禪]].

	In July or August of [[1906]] (6 Guāngxù 光緒 32) he received dharma transmission from Cìyùn 慈運 of Níngbō's Qītǎ Bàoēn Temple 七塔[[報恩寺]], making him a 40th generation holder of the Línjì 臨濟 lineage. That same year, Yuányīng met Tàixū [[太虛]], who had come to Tāintóng Temple to receive the precepts.		In July or August of [[1906]] (6 Guāngxù 光緒 32) he received dharma transmission from Cìyùn 慈運 of Níngbō's Qītǎ Bàoēn Temple 七塔[[報恩寺]], making him a 40th generation holder of the Línjì 臨濟 lineage. That same year, Yuányīng met Tàixū [[太虛]], who had come to Tāintóng Temple to receive the precepts.