Liang Qichao 梁啓超 - Revision history

Erik hammerstrom at 00:41, 9 April 2012

2012-04-09T00:41:26Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 00:41, 9 April 2012
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	* Guì Bóhuá [[桂伯華]]		* Guì Bóhuá [[桂伯華]]
	* Kāng Yǒuwéi [[康有為]]		* Kāng Yǒuwéi [[康有為]]
		+	* Lín Zǎipíng [[林宰平]]
	* Tán Sìtóng [[譚嗣同]]		* Tán Sìtóng [[譚嗣同]]
	* Xià Zēngyòu [[夏曾佑]]		* Xià Zēngyòu [[夏曾佑]]

Erik hammerstrom at 16:30, 22 July 2010

2010-07-22T16:30:04Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:30, 22 July 2010
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	Liáng had a classical education growing up and received both his ''xiùcái'' 秀才 and ''jǔrén'' 舉人 degrees. Between earning these two degrees he became acquainted with Kāng Yǒuwéi [[康有為]] in Guǎngzhōu [[廣州]]. Through Kāng he was exposed to many modern ideas, especially political ones. The two of them began to work together for the political reform of China. In [[1896]] in Nánjīng [[南京]] he met Tán Sìtóng [[譚嗣同]], a student of Yáng Wénhuì [[楊文會]]. They became friends, and Liáng's thinking influenced Tán's ''Rén xué'' 仁學.		Liáng had a classical education growing up and received both his ''xiùcái'' 秀才 and ''jǔrén'' 舉人 degrees. Between earning these two degrees he became acquainted with Kāng Yǒuwéi [[康有為]] in Guǎngzhōu [[廣州]]. Through Kāng he was exposed to many modern ideas, especially political ones. The two of them began to work together for the political reform of China. In [[1896]] in Nánjīng [[南京]] he met Tán Sìtóng [[譚嗣同]], a student of Yáng Wénhuì [[楊文會]]. They became friends, and Liáng's thinking influenced Tán's ''Rén xué'' 仁學.

-	The reformers' activities reached a head after Kāng was granted an audience with the Emperor, who agreed to enact many of Kāng's suggestions. A coup by the Empress Dowager in September [[1898]] put an end to the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hundred_Days%27_Reform Hundred Days' Reform]]. Many were executed, including Tán Sìtóng. Liáng fled to Japan, where he lived for 14 years until the establishment of the Republic in [[1912]].	+	The reformers' activities reached a head after Kāng was granted an audience with the Emperor, who agreed to enact many of Kāng's suggestions. A coup by the Empress Dowager in September [[1898]] put an end to the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hundred_Days%27_Reform Hundred Days' Reform]. Many were executed, including Tán Sìtóng. Liáng fled to Japan, where he lived for 14 years until the establishment of the Republic in [[1912]].

	Liáng's time in Japan proved formative to his thought. In Japan he took advantage of a major intellectual shift that was occurring there, and was able to study much of the material that was being translated from Western languages into Japanese at the time. He followed Social Darwinist ideas with particular attention and he continued to write and push for the reform of Chinese politics, society, language, and religion. Through his writings, he also influenced the modernization of the Chinese language by popularizing such Japanese translational neologisms as "religion" (''zōngjiào'' 宗教) and "science" (''kēxué'' 科學).		Liáng's time in Japan proved formative to his thought. In Japan he took advantage of a major intellectual shift that was occurring there, and was able to study much of the material that was being translated from Western languages into Japanese at the time. He followed Social Darwinist ideas with particular attention and he continued to write and push for the reform of Chinese politics, society, language, and religion. Through his writings, he also influenced the modernization of the Chinese language by popularizing such Japanese translational neologisms as "religion" (''zōngjiào'' 宗教) and "science" (''kēxué'' 科學).
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	After the founding of the Republic, Liáng returned to Chin and participated in the new government. In [[1918]] he traveled to Europe on a fact-finding mission. This marked another major shift in his thinking. Witnessing the destruction wrought there by World War 1, Liáng lost faith in the omnipotence of Western society and backed away from his push for the radical reform of Chinese politics. Instead, he began to focus his efforts on education reform. He personally taught at many of the best universities established at the time.		After the founding of the Republic, Liáng returned to Chin and participated in the new government. In [[1918]] he traveled to Europe on a fact-finding mission. This marked another major shift in his thinking. Witnessing the destruction wrought there by World War 1, Liáng lost faith in the omnipotence of Western society and backed away from his push for the radical reform of Chinese politics. Instead, he began to focus his efforts on education reform. He personally taught at many of the best universities established at the time.

-	In his later life, Liáng ~~also~~ became more interested in the history of Chinese thought, including Buddhism. His earlier thinking on Buddhism had been heavily influenced by his teacher Kāng Yǒuwéi, but after his return from Europe he deepened his studies, often taking advantage of contemporary Japanese scholarship. His support fro the idea current among some Japanese scholars that the ''Mahāyāna Awakening of Faith'' 大乘起信論 had been penned in China and not in India, eventually led to the "Debate Over the Authenticity of the ''Mahāyāna Awakening of Faith''" [[大乘起信論真偽辯]] among Buddhist intellectuals in China.	+	In his later life, Liáng became more interested in the history of Chinese thought, including Buddhism. His earlier thinking on Buddhism had been heavily influenced by his teacher Kāng Yǒuwéi, but after his return from Europe he deepened his studies, often taking advantage of contemporary Japanese scholarship. His support fro the idea current among some Japanese scholars that the ''Mahāyāna Awakening of Faith'' 大乘起信論 had been penned in China and not in India, eventually led to the "Debate Over the Authenticity of the ''Mahāyāna Awakening of Faith''" [[大乘起信論真偽辯]] among Buddhist intellectuals in China.

	Liáng died in Běijīng [[北京]] on January 19, [[1929]].		Liáng died in Běijīng [[北京]] on January 19, [[1929]].

Erik hammerstrom at 17:04, 16 July 2010

2010-07-16T17:04:31Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:04, 16 July 2010
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	* Kāng Yǒuwéi [[康有為]]		* Kāng Yǒuwéi [[康有為]]
	* Tán Sìtóng [[譚嗣同]]		* Tán Sìtóng [[譚嗣同]]
		+	* Xià Zēngyòu [[夏曾佑]]
	* Zhāng Tàiyán [[章太炎]]		* Zhāng Tàiyán [[章太炎]]
	\|editor-name=		\|editor-name=

Erik hammerstrom at 16:43, 16 July 2010

2010-07-16T16:43:53Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:43, 16 July 2010
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	}}		}}

-	'''Liáng Qǐchāo 梁啓超 (1873-1929)''' was one of the most important Chinese thinkers of the early 20th century. A reformer and journalist, he was also a polymath and scholar of note, and some of his work focused on Chinese Buddhism.	+	'''Liáng Qǐchāo 梁啓超 (1873-1929)''' was one of the most important Chinese thinkers of the early 20th century. A reformer and journalist, he was also a polymath and scholar of note, and some of his work focused on the history of Chinese Buddhism.

	==Biography==		==Biography==

-	Liáng had a classical education growing up and received both his ''xiùcái'' 秀才 and ''jǔrén'' 舉人 degrees. Between earning these degrees he became acquainted with Kāng Yǒuwéi [[康有為]] in Guǎngzhōu [[廣州]]. Through Kāng he was exposed to many modern ideas, especially political ones. The two of them began to work together for the political reform of China~~. Liáng began publishing essays calling for these reforms~~. In [[1896]] in Nánjīng [[南京]] he met Tán Sìtóng [[譚嗣同]], a student of Yáng Wénhuì [[楊文會]]. They became friends, and Liáng's thinking influenced Tán's ''Rén xué'' 仁學.	+	Liáng had a classical education growing up and received both his ''xiùcái'' 秀才 and ''jǔrén'' 舉人 degrees. Between earning these two degrees he became acquainted with Kāng Yǒuwéi [[康有為]] in Guǎngzhōu [[廣州]]. Through Kāng he was exposed to many modern ideas, especially political ones. The two of them began to work together for the political reform of China. In [[1896]] in Nánjīng [[南京]] he met Tán Sìtóng [[譚嗣同]], a student of Yáng Wénhuì [[楊文會]]. They became friends, and Liáng's thinking influenced Tán's ''Rén xué'' 仁學.

-	The reformers' activities reached a head after Kāng was granted an audience with the ~~emperor~~, who agreed to enact many of Kāng's suggestions. A coup by the Empress Dowager in September [[1898]] put an end to the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hundred_Days%27_Reform Hundred Days' Reform]]. Many were executed, including Tán Sìtóng. Liáng fled to Japan, where he lived for 14 years until the establishment of the Republic in [[1912]].	+	The reformers' activities reached a head after Kāng was granted an audience with the Emperor, who agreed to enact many of Kāng's suggestions. A coup by the Empress Dowager in September [[1898]] put an end to the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hundred_Days%27_Reform Hundred Days' Reform]]. Many were executed, including Tán Sìtóng. Liáng fled to Japan, where he lived for 14 years until the establishment of the Republic in [[1912]].

-	Liáng's time in Japan proved formative to his thought. In Japan he took advantage of a major intellectual shift that was occurring there, and was able to study much of the material that was being translated from Western languages into Japanese at the time. He followed Social Darwinist ideas with particular attention~~. He~~ continued to write and push for the reform of Chinese politics, society, language, and religion.	+	Liáng's time in Japan proved formative to his thought. In Japan he took advantage of a major intellectual shift that was occurring there, and was able to study much of the material that was being translated from Western languages into Japanese at the time. He followed Social Darwinist ideas with particular attention and he continued to write and push for the reform of Chinese politics, society, language, and religion. Through his writings, he also influenced the modernization of the Chinese language by popularizing such Japanese translational neologisms as "religion" (''zōngjiào'' 宗教) and "science" (''kēxué'' 科學).

-	After the founding of the Republic, Liáng returned to Chin and participated in the new government. In [[1918]] he traveled to Europe on a fact finding mission. This marked another major shift in his thinking. Witnessing the destruction wrought there by World War 1, Liáng lost faith in the omnipotence of Western society and backed away from his push for the radical reform of Chinese politics. Instead, he began to focus his efforts on education reform. He taught at many of the best universities established at the time.	+	After the founding of the Republic, Liáng returned to Chin and participated in the new government. In [[1918]] he traveled to Europe on a fact-finding mission. This marked another major shift in his thinking. Witnessing the destruction wrought there by World War 1, Liáng lost faith in the omnipotence of Western society and backed away from his push for the radical reform of Chinese politics. Instead, he began to focus his efforts on education reform. He personally taught at many of the best universities established at the time.

-	In his later life, he also became more interested in the history of Chinese thought, including Buddhism. His earlier thinking on Buddhism had been heavily influenced by his teacher Kāng Yǒuwéi, but after his return from Europe he deepened his studies often ~~using~~ contemporary Japanese scholarship. His support of the idea current among some Japanese scholars that the ''Mahāyāna Awakening of Faith'' 大乘起信論 had been penned in China and not in India, eventually led to the "Debate Over the Authenticity of the ''Mahāyāna Awakening of Faith''" [[大乘起信論真偽辯]].	+	In his later life, Liáng also became more interested in the history of Chinese thought, including Buddhism. His earlier thinking on Buddhism had been heavily influenced by his teacher Kāng Yǒuwéi, but after his return from Europe he deepened his studies, often taking advantage of contemporary Japanese scholarship. His support fro the idea current among some Japanese scholars that the ''Mahāyāna Awakening of Faith'' 大乘起信論 had been penned in China and not in India, eventually led to the "Debate Over the Authenticity of the ''Mahāyāna Awakening of Faith''" [[大乘起信論真偽辯]] among Buddhist intellectuals in China.

-	He died in Běijīng [[北京]] on January 19, [[1929]].	+	Liáng died in Běijīng [[北京]] on January 19, [[1929]].

	==Important Works==		==Important Works==
Line 51:		Line 51:
	**附錄三. 支那內學院精校本《玄奘傳》書後		**附錄三. 支那內學院精校本《玄奘傳》書後
	**附錄四. 《大寶積經·迦葉品》梵藏漢文六種合刻序		**附錄四. 《大寶積經·迦葉品》梵藏漢文六種合刻序
-
-	~~==Notable Students==~~
-	*

	==Notes==		==Notes==

Erik hammerstrom: Created page with '{{Bio_infobox |name-date=Liáng Qǐchāo 梁啓超 (1873-1929) |names=* Name 名: Qǐchāo 梁啓超 * Style name 號: Réngōng 任公 * Courtesy name 字: Zhuōrú 卓如 * Oth…'

2010-07-16T16:36:42Z

Created page with '{{Bio_infobox |name-date=Liáng Qǐchāo 梁啓超 (1873-1929) |names=* Name 名: Qǐchāo 梁啓超 * Style name 號: Réngōng 任公 * Courtesy name 字: Zhuōrú 卓如 * Oth…'

New page

{{Bio_infobox
|name-date=Liáng Qǐchāo 梁啓超 (1873-1929)
|names=* Name 名: Qǐchāo 梁啓超
* Style name 號: Réngōng 任公
* Courtesy name 字: Zhuōrú 卓如
* Other Names: Master of Ice-Drinking (Studio) 飲冰子, 飲冰主人
|image=[[File:Liang_qichao_study.jpg|200px|thumb|center|Liáng Qǐchāo]]
|birth=February 23, [[1873]] (Tóngzhì 同治 12) in Xīnhuì County 新會縣, Guǎngdōng [[廣東]]
|death=January 19, [[1929]] (Mínguó 民國 18) in Běijīng [[北京]]
|associates=Notable Associates:
* Dí Chǔqīng [[狄楚青]]
* Guì Bóhuá [[桂伯華]]
* Kāng Yǒuwéi [[康有為]]
* Tán Sìtóng [[譚嗣同]]
* Zhāng Tàiyán [[章太炎]]
|editor-name=
}}

'''Liáng Qǐchāo 梁啓超 (1873-1929)''' was one of the most important Chinese thinkers of the early 20th century. A reformer and journalist, he was also a polymath and scholar of note, and some of his work focused on Chinese Buddhism.

==Biography==

Liáng had a classical education growing up and received both his ''xiùcái'' 秀才 and ''jǔrén'' 舉人 degrees. Between earning these degrees he became acquainted with Kāng Yǒuwéi [[康有為]] in Guǎngzhōu [[廣州]]. Through Kāng he was exposed to many modern ideas, especially political ones. The two of them began to work together for the political reform of China. Liáng began publishing essays calling for these reforms. In [[1896]] in Nánjīng [[南京]] he met Tán Sìtóng [[譚嗣同]], a student of Yáng Wénhuì [[楊文會]]. They became friends, and Liáng's thinking influenced Tán's ''Rén xué'' 仁學.

The reformers' activities reached a head after Kāng was granted an audience with the emperor, who agreed to enact many of Kāng's suggestions. A coup by the Empress Dowager in September [[1898]] put an end to the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hundred_Days%27_Reform Hundred Days' Reform]]. Many were executed, including Tán Sìtóng. Liáng fled to Japan, where he lived for 14 years until the establishment of the Republic in [[1912]].

Liáng's time in Japan proved formative to his thought. In Japan he took advantage of a major intellectual shift that was occurring there, and was able to study much of the material that was being translated from Western languages into Japanese at the time. He followed Social Darwinist ideas with particular attention. He continued to write and push for the reform of Chinese politics, society, language, and religion.

After the founding of the Republic, Liáng returned to Chin and participated in the new government. In [[1918]] he traveled to Europe on a fact finding mission. This marked another major shift in his thinking. Witnessing the destruction wrought there by World War 1, Liáng lost faith in the omnipotence of Western society and backed away from his push for the radical reform of Chinese politics. Instead, he began to focus his efforts on education reform. He taught at many of the best universities established at the time.

In his later life, he also became more interested in the history of Chinese thought, including Buddhism. His earlier thinking on Buddhism had been heavily influenced by his teacher Kāng Yǒuwéi, but after his return from Europe he deepened his studies often using contemporary Japanese scholarship. His support of the idea current among some Japanese scholars that the ''Mahāyāna Awakening of Faith'' 大乘起信論 had been penned in China and not in India, eventually led to the "Debate Over the Authenticity of the ''Mahāyāna Awakening of Faith''" [[大乘起信論真偽辯]].

He died in Běijīng [[北京]] on January 19, [[1929]].

==Important Works==
* Liáng wrote a great many works during his lifetime. The majority of these were collected in [http://zh.wikipedia.org/zh/饮冰室合集飲冰室合集], which was first published in 40 volumes in [[1932]].
* His important essays on Buddhism were collected and published as ''Fóxué yánjiǔ shíbā piān'' 佛學研究十八篇 (Eighteen Buddhists Studies Essays) (First edition Shanghai: Zhonghua shuju, [[1935]]).
**Contents:
**1. 中國佛法興衰沿革說略
**2. 佛教之初輸入
**3. 印度佛教概觀
**4. 佛陀時代及原始佛教教理綱要
**5. 佛教與西域
**6. 又佛教與西域
**7. 中國印度之交通
**8. 佛教教理在中國之發展
**9. 翻譯文學與佛典
**10. 佛典之翻譯
**附錄一. 《大乘起信論考證》序
**附錄二. 佛教心理學淺測
**附錄三. 支那內學院精校本《玄奘傳》書後
**附錄四. 《大寶積經·迦葉品》梵藏漢文六種合刻序

==Notable Students==
*

==Notes==

<references/>

==References==
* {{XFRC}} Pp. 1.999b-1001b.
* English [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liang_Qichao Wikipedia entry].

[[Category:Biography]]