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		<id>http://dmcb.dila.edu.tw/dmcb/index.php?action=history&amp;feed=atom&amp;title=Guankong_%E8%A7%80%E7%A9%BA</id>
		<title>Guankong 觀空 - Revision history</title>
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		<updated>2026-05-06T20:51:52Z</updated>
		<subtitle>Revision history for this page on the wiki</subtitle>
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	<entry>
		<id>http://dmcb.dila.edu.tw/dmcb/index.php?title=Guankong_%E8%A7%80%E7%A9%BA&amp;diff=4812&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Erik hammerstrom at 19:34, 19 July 2010</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://dmcb.dila.edu.tw/dmcb/index.php?title=Guankong_%E8%A7%80%E7%A9%BA&amp;diff=4812&amp;oldid=prev"/>
				<updated>2010-07-19T19:34:04Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

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		&lt;td colspan='2' style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
		&lt;td colspan='2' style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 19:34, 19 July 2010&lt;/td&gt;
		&lt;/tr&gt;
		&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 16:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 16:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
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&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;==Biography==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;==Biography==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Guānkōng was born in [[1903]] (Guāngxù 光緒 29) in Lěiyáng County 耒陽縣, Hú'nán [[湖南]]. In [[1919]] (Mínguó 民國 8) &lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;he &lt;/del&gt;was tonsured by Zhìxuán 智玄 at Xīchán Temple [[西禪寺]] in Héngyáng 衡陽, and then took full ordination at Shàngfēng Temple [[上封寺]] on Nányuè 南嶽. Directly after his ordination, Guānkōng enrolled in a lecture studies course at Kāifú Temple [[開福寺]] in Chángshā [[長沙]], which was run by Kōngyě [[空也]]. While in this program Guānkōng became friends with one of his fellow students named Yándìng [[嚴定]]. The two would study, travel, and teach together for more than a decade. When Tàixū [[太虛]] invited Kōngyě to take charge of the Wǔchāng Buddhist Seminary [[武昌佛學院]] in [[1922]], the two friends followed him.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Guānkōng was born in [[1903]] (Guāngxù 光緒 29) in Lěiyáng County 耒陽縣, Hú'nán [[湖南]]. In [[1919]] (Mínguó 民國 8)&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;. He &lt;/ins&gt;was tonsured by Zhìxuán 智玄 at Xīchán Temple [[西禪寺]] in Héngyáng 衡陽, and then took full ordination at Shàngfēng Temple [[上封寺]] on Nányuè &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;[[&lt;/ins&gt;南嶽&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;]]&lt;/ins&gt;. Directly after his ordination, Guānkōng enrolled in a lecture studies course at Kāifú Temple [[開福寺]] in Chángshā [[長沙]], which was run by Kōngyě [[空也]]. While in this program Guānkōng became friends with one of his fellow students named Yándìng [[嚴定]]. The two would study, travel, and teach together for more than a decade. When Tàixū [[太虛]] invited Kōngyě to take charge of the Wǔchāng Buddhist Seminary [[武昌佛學院]] in [[1922]], the two friends followed him.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;After graduating, he traveled with around a dozen of his classmates) including Fǎzūn [[法尊]], Fǎfǎng [[法舫]], and Yándìng [[嚴定]]) to Běijīng [[北京]] where they became part of the first (and only) class at the nascent Buddhist Tibetan Language College [[藏文學院]] started by Dàyǒng [[大勇]]. Classes began in October of 1924. In May of [[1925]] the students and teachers became the Residing-in-Tibet Dharma Studies Group [[留藏學法團]] and began to prepare to travel to Tibet. The group reached Xīkāng 西康, but most, including Guānkōng, never made it to Tibet. In [[1934]] he was invited by Tàixū [[太虛]] to teach at the Sino-Tibetan Institute [[漢藏教理院]] in Chóngqìng [[重慶]].&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;After graduating, he traveled with around a dozen of his classmates) including Fǎzūn [[法尊]], Fǎfǎng [[法舫]], and Yándìng [[嚴定]]) to Běijīng [[北京]] where they became part of the first (and only) class at the nascent Buddhist Tibetan Language College [[藏文學院]] started by Dàyǒng [[大勇]]. Classes began in October of 1924. In May of [[1925]] the students and teachers became the Residing-in-Tibet Dharma Studies Group [[留藏學法團]] and began to prepare to travel to Tibet. The group reached Xīkāng 西康, but most, including Guānkōng, never made it to Tibet. In [[1934]] he was invited by Tàixū [[太虛]] to teach at the Sino-Tibetan Institute [[漢藏教理院]] in Chóngqìng [[重慶]].&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;!-- diff generator: internal 2026-05-06 20:51:52 --&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Erik hammerstrom</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>http://dmcb.dila.edu.tw/dmcb/index.php?title=Guankong_%E8%A7%80%E7%A9%BA&amp;diff=4565&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Erik hammerstrom at 15:18, 28 June 2010</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://dmcb.dila.edu.tw/dmcb/index.php?title=Guankong_%E8%A7%80%E7%A9%BA&amp;diff=4565&amp;oldid=prev"/>
				<updated>2010-06-28T15:18:36Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

		&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black;&quot;&gt;
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		&lt;td colspan='2' style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
		&lt;td colspan='2' style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 15:18, 28 June 2010&lt;/td&gt;
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&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 2:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;|name-date=Guānkōng 觀空 (1903-1989)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;|name-date=Guānkōng 觀空 (1903-1989)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;|names=* Lay surname 姓: Liào 廖&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;|names=* Lay surname 姓: Liào 廖&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;|image=&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;|image=&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;[[File:Guankong.jpg|200px|thumb|center|Guānkōng]]&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;|birth=[[1903]] (Guāngxù 光緒 29) in Lěiyáng County 耒陽縣, Hú'nán [[湖南]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;|birth=[[1903]] (Guāngxù 光緒 29) in Lěiyáng County 耒陽縣, Hú'nán [[湖南]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;|death=July 5, 1989 at Guǎnghuà Temple [[廣化寺]] in Pútián County 莆田縣, Fújiàn [[福建]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;|death=July 5, 1989 at Guǎnghuà Temple [[廣化寺]] in Pútián County 莆田縣, Fújiàn [[福建]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;!-- diff generator: internal 2026-05-06 20:51:52 --&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Erik hammerstrom</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>http://dmcb.dila.edu.tw/dmcb/index.php?title=Guankong_%E8%A7%80%E7%A9%BA&amp;diff=4563&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Erik hammerstrom at 15:16, 28 June 2010</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://dmcb.dila.edu.tw/dmcb/index.php?title=Guankong_%E8%A7%80%E7%A9%BA&amp;diff=4563&amp;oldid=prev"/>
				<updated>2010-06-28T15:16:31Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

		&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black;&quot;&gt;
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		&lt;td colspan='2' style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
		&lt;td colspan='2' style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 15:16, 28 June 2010&lt;/td&gt;
		&lt;/tr&gt;
		&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 5:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 5:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;|birth=[[1903]] (Guāngxù 光緒 29) in Lěiyáng County 耒陽縣, Hú'nán [[湖南]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;|birth=[[1903]] (Guāngxù 光緒 29) in Lěiyáng County 耒陽縣, Hú'nán [[湖南]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;|death=July 5, 1989 at Guǎnghuà Temple [[廣化寺]] in Pútián County 莆田縣, Fújiàn [[福建]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;|death=July 5, 1989 at Guǎnghuà Temple [[廣化寺]] in Pútián County 莆田縣, Fújiàn [[福建]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;|associates=Notable Associates:&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* Dàyǒng [[大勇]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* Dàyǒng [[大勇]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* Fǎfǎng [[法舫]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* Fǎfǎng [[法舫]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;!-- diff generator: internal 2026-05-06 20:51:52 --&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Erik hammerstrom</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>http://dmcb.dila.edu.tw/dmcb/index.php?title=Guankong_%E8%A7%80%E7%A9%BA&amp;diff=4562&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Erik hammerstrom:&amp;#32;Created page with '{{Bio_infobox |name-date=Guānkōng 觀空 (1903-1989) |names=* Lay surname 姓: Liào 廖 |image= |birth=1903 (Guāngxù 光緒 29) in Lěiyáng County 耒陽縣, Hú'nán […'</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://dmcb.dila.edu.tw/dmcb/index.php?title=Guankong_%E8%A7%80%E7%A9%BA&amp;diff=4562&amp;oldid=prev"/>
				<updated>2010-06-28T15:15:42Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Created page with &amp;#39;{{Bio_infobox |name-date=Guānkōng 觀空 (1903-1989) |names=* Lay surname 姓: Liào 廖 |image= |birth=&lt;a href=&quot;/dmcb/1903&quot; class=&quot;mw-redirect&quot; title=&quot;1903&quot;&gt;1903&lt;/a&gt; (Guāngxù 光緒 29) in Lěiyáng County 耒陽縣, Hú&amp;#39;nán […&amp;#39;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;New page&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div&gt;{{Bio_infobox&lt;br /&gt;
|name-date=Guānkōng 觀空 (1903-1989)&lt;br /&gt;
|names=* Lay surname 姓: Liào 廖&lt;br /&gt;
|image=&lt;br /&gt;
|birth=[[1903]] (Guāngxù 光緒 29) in Lěiyáng County 耒陽縣, Hú'nán [[湖南]]&lt;br /&gt;
|death=July 5, 1989 at Guǎnghuà Temple [[廣化寺]] in Pútián County 莆田縣, Fújiàn [[福建]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Dàyǒng [[大勇]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Fǎfǎng [[法舫]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Fǎzūn [[法尊]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Yándìng [[嚴定]]&lt;br /&gt;
|editor-name=&lt;br /&gt;
}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Guānkōng 觀空 (1903-1989)''' was a student and teacher of Tibetan Buddhism [[西密]] in the middle of the 20th century.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Biography==&lt;br /&gt;
Guānkōng was born in [[1903]] (Guāngxù 光緒 29) in Lěiyáng County 耒陽縣, Hú'nán [[湖南]]. In [[1919]] (Mínguó 民國 8) he was tonsured by Zhìxuán 智玄 at Xīchán Temple [[西禪寺]] in Héngyáng 衡陽, and then took full ordination at Shàngfēng Temple [[上封寺]] on Nányuè 南嶽. Directly after his ordination, Guānkōng enrolled in a lecture studies course at Kāifú Temple [[開福寺]] in Chángshā [[長沙]], which was run by Kōngyě [[空也]]. While in this program Guānkōng became friends with one of his fellow students named Yándìng [[嚴定]]. The two would study, travel, and teach together for more than a decade. When Tàixū [[太虛]] invited Kōngyě to take charge of the Wǔchāng Buddhist Seminary [[武昌佛學院]] in [[1922]], the two friends followed him.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
After graduating, he traveled with around a dozen of his classmates) including Fǎzūn [[法尊]], Fǎfǎng [[法舫]], and Yándìng [[嚴定]]) to Běijīng [[北京]] where they became part of the first (and only) class at the nascent Buddhist Tibetan Language College [[藏文學院]] started by Dàyǒng [[大勇]]. Classes began in October of 1924. In May of [[1925]] the students and teachers became the Residing-in-Tibet Dharma Studies Group [[留藏學法團]] and began to prepare to travel to Tibet. The group reached Xīkāng 西康, but most, including Guānkōng, never made it to Tibet. In [[1934]] he was invited by Tàixū [[太虛]] to teach at the Sino-Tibetan Institute [[漢藏教理院]] in Chóngqìng [[重慶]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In [[1939]], Guānkōng taught in Běipíng [[北平]], then traveled by rail and sea to Tibet, where he spent several months. In Lhasa he studied Tibetan Buddhism [[西密]] under various notable Tibetan teachers.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In 1980, after the revival of Buddhism following the Cultural Revolution, Guānkōng began working in the Chinese Buddhist Association [[中國佛教協會]] translated Tibetan Buddhist texts. In the spring of 1989 Guānkōng moved to Guǎnghuà Temple [[廣化寺]] in Pútián County 莆田縣, Fújiàn [[福建]]. He died there on July 5, 1989.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Notes==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
* {{XFRC}} P. 2.1814b-1816c.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Biography]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Erik hammerstrom</name></author>	</entry>

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