Chisong 持松 - Revision history

Erik hammerstrom at 01:35, 19 January 2011

2011-01-19T01:35:29Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 01:35, 19 January 2011
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-	'''Chísōng 持松 (1894-1972)''' was a famous teacher of Esoteric Buddhism during the Republican period.	+	'''Chísōng 持松 (1894-1972)''' was a famous teacher of Esoteric Buddhism [[密宗]] during the Republican period.

	==Biography==		==Biography==

-	Chísōng began attending a Confucian academy when he was 6. When he was 14, his father died, and two years later a flood forced his mother to give him to a family member to raise. He took tonsure at age 17 ([[1910]]) at Tiěniú Temple 鐵牛寺 in Jīngzhōu 荊州, after which he traveled to ~~Yuǎnān~~ County 遠安縣 (Húběi) to study Buddhism.	+	Chísōng began attending a Confucian academy when he was 6. When he was 14, his father died, and two years later a flood forced his mother to give him to a family member to raise. He took tonsure at age 17 ([[1910]]) at Tiěniú Temple 鐵牛寺 in Jīngzhōu 荊州, after which he traveled to Yuǎn‘ān County 遠安縣 (Húběi) to study Buddhism.

	In [[1912]] Chísōng received the full precepts at Guīyuán Temple [[歸元寺]] in Hànyáng [[漢陽]]. Later that year, he traveled to Shànghǎi to enroll at Huáyán University [[華嚴大學]]. When the school moved to Hángzhōu [[杭州]] three years later, Chísōng went along. There he worked closely with the school's founder, Yuèxiá [[月霞]] before graduating in [[1916]]. Upon graduation he returned to his hometown, but his family was all dead or lost. He studied Tiāntái [[天台]] at Yùquán Temple 玉泉寺 in Dāngyáng 當陽 under Zǔyìn 祖印.		In [[1912]] Chísōng received the full precepts at Guīyuán Temple [[歸元寺]] in Hànyáng [[漢陽]]. Later that year, he traveled to Shànghǎi to enroll at Huáyán University [[華嚴大學]]. When the school moved to Hángzhōu [[杭州]] three years later, Chísōng went along. There he worked closely with the school's founder, Yuèxiá [[月霞]] before graduating in [[1916]]. Upon graduation he returned to his hometown, but his family was all dead or lost. He studied Tiāntái [[天台]] at Yùquán Temple 玉泉寺 in Dāngyáng 當陽 under Zǔyìn 祖印.

-	In [[1917]] Chísōng attended lectures given by Yuèxiá at Guīyuán Temple and Bìshān 碧山 in Yíxīng 宜興, before following Yuèxiá to Xīngfú Temple [[興福寺]] in Chángshú [[常熟]], when Yuèxiá became abbot there. On July 1, Chísōng was appointed the official recorder 書記, while another of Yuèxiá's disciples, Yīngcí [[應慈]] was asked to organize the Dharmadhatu Seminary [[法界學院]] at the temple. Sadly, Yuèxiá died in Hángzhōu that fall before any of these plans was brought to fruition.	+	In [[1917]] Chísōng attended lectures given by Yuèxiá at Guīyuán Temple and Bìshān 碧山 in Yíxīng [[宜興]], before following Yuèxiá to Xīngfú Temple [[興福寺]] in Chángshú [[常熟]], when Yuèxiá became abbot there. On July 1, Chísōng was appointed the official recorder 書記, while another of Yuèxiá's disciples, Yīngcí [[應慈]] was asked to organize the Dharmadhatu Seminary [[法界學院]] at the temple. Sadly, Yuèxiá died in Hángzhōu that fall before any of these plans was brought to fruition.

	In February [[1918]], Yīngcí, acting on the request of the late Yuèxiá, transmitted the dharma to Chísōng, Hùizōng 惠宗, and Tányuè 潭月, making them all 43rd-generation holders of the Línjì 臨濟 lineage. The Dharmadhatu Seminary went ahead, and from [[1920]] to [[1922]], Chísōng lectured on the ''Śūraṃgama Sūtra'' there. In [[1922]], he was asked by Chángxǐng [[常惺]] to come lecture at the Ānhuī Monastic School [[安徽僧學校]] at Yíngjiāng Temple [[迎江寺]] in Ānqìng [[安慶]].		In February [[1918]], Yīngcí, acting on the request of the late Yuèxiá, transmitted the dharma to Chísōng, Hùizōng 惠宗, and Tányuè 潭月, making them all 43rd-generation holders of the Línjì 臨濟 lineage. The Dharmadhatu Seminary went ahead, and from [[1920]] to [[1922]], Chísōng lectured on the ''Śūraṃgama Sūtra'' there. In [[1922]], he was asked by Chángxǐng [[常惺]] to come lecture at the Ānhuī Monastic School [[安徽僧學校]] at Yíngjiāng Temple [[迎江寺]] in Ānqìng [[安慶]].
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	While at the Monastic School, Chísōng became interested in studying Esoteric Buddhism [[密教]]. In the fall of 1922, he and Dàyǒng [[大勇]] traveled to Koya-san 高野山 in Japan to study Shingon 真言 Buddhism. In [[1923]] he received ''abiṣeka'' 灌頂, or esoteric initiation, earning him the rank of a 51st-generation ''Ācārya'' 阿闍梨. He returned to China the same year. Upon his return, he and Dàyǒng traveled to Wǔhàn [[武漢]], where, based at the Wuchang Buddhist Seminary [[武昌佛學院]], they gave ''abiṣeka'' to many Buddhists. Shortly thereafter, Chísōng gave ''abiṣeka'' to about one-hundred Buddhists at Hángzhōu's Pútí Temple [[菩提寺]].		While at the Monastic School, Chísōng became interested in studying Esoteric Buddhism [[密教]]. In the fall of 1922, he and Dàyǒng [[大勇]] traveled to Koya-san 高野山 in Japan to study Shingon 真言 Buddhism. In [[1923]] he received ''abiṣeka'' 灌頂, or esoteric initiation, earning him the rank of a 51st-generation ''Ācārya'' 阿闍梨. He returned to China the same year. Upon his return, he and Dàyǒng traveled to Wǔhàn [[武漢]], where, based at the Wuchang Buddhist Seminary [[武昌佛學院]], they gave ''abiṣeka'' to many Buddhists. Shortly thereafter, Chísōng gave ''abiṣeka'' to about one-hundred Buddhists at Hángzhōu's Pútí Temple [[菩提寺]].

-	After this, he traveled between Wǔhàn and Ānqìng before becoming abbot of Bǎotōng Temple [[寶通寺]] on Hóngshān 洪山 in [[1924]]. This eventually became an important site for the transmission of Japanese Esotericism [[東密]]. The fall of his ~~arival~~, Chísōng performed a Nation-Saving Dharma Rite for Humane Kings 仁王護國法會 for the local army. At that ceremony he gave ''abiṣeka'' to several thousand people, including several famous lay Buddhists from Wǔhàn, Chén Yuánbái [[陳元白]], Zhào Nánsān 趙南三, Dù Hánsān 杜漢三, and Dèng Mèngguāng 鄧夢光.	+	After this, he traveled between Wǔhàn and Ānqìng before becoming abbot of Bǎotōng Temple [[寶通寺]] on Hóngshān 洪山 in [[1924]]. This eventually became an important site for the transmission of Japanese Esotericism [[東密]]. The fall of his arrival, Chísōng performed a Nation-Saving Dharma Rite for Humane Kings 仁王護國法會 for the local army. At that ceremony he gave ''abiṣeka'' to several thousand people, including several famous lay Buddhists from Wǔhàn, Chén Yuánbái [[陳元白]], Zhào Nánsān 趙南三, Dù Hánsān 杜漢三, and Dèng Mèngguāng 鄧夢光.

	In [[1925]] Chísōng was part of the Chinese Delegation to the East Asian Buddhist Conference [[東亞佛教大會]]. He stayed in Japan for an additional two years in order to receive further instruction from his teachers at Koya-san. He returned to China in [[1927]]. Upon his return, he lectured at various locations in Shànghǎi [[上海]].		In [[1925]] Chísōng was part of the Chinese Delegation to the East Asian Buddhist Conference [[東亞佛教大會]]. He stayed in Japan for an additional two years in order to receive further instruction from his teachers at Koya-san. He returned to China in [[1927]]. Upon his return, he lectured at various locations in Shànghǎi [[上海]].

Greg at 13:05, 12 January 2011

2011-01-12T13:05:20Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:05, 12 January 2011
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	In [[1912]] Chísōng received the full precepts at Guīyuán Temple [[歸元寺]] in Hànyáng [[漢陽]]. Later that year, he traveled to Shànghǎi to enroll at Huáyán University [[華嚴大學]]. When the school moved to Hángzhōu [[杭州]] three years later, Chísōng went along. There he worked closely with the school's founder, Yuèxiá [[月霞]] before graduating in [[1916]]. Upon graduation he returned to his hometown, but his family was all dead or lost. He studied Tiāntái [[天台]] at Yùquán Temple 玉泉寺 in Dāngyáng 當陽 under Zǔyìn 祖印.		In [[1912]] Chísōng received the full precepts at Guīyuán Temple [[歸元寺]] in Hànyáng [[漢陽]]. Later that year, he traveled to Shànghǎi to enroll at Huáyán University [[華嚴大學]]. When the school moved to Hángzhōu [[杭州]] three years later, Chísōng went along. There he worked closely with the school's founder, Yuèxiá [[月霞]] before graduating in [[1916]]. Upon graduation he returned to his hometown, but his family was all dead or lost. He studied Tiāntái [[天台]] at Yùquán Temple 玉泉寺 in Dāngyáng 當陽 under Zǔyìn 祖印.

-	In [[1917]] Chísōng attended lectures given by Yuèxiá at Guīyuán Temple and Bìshān 碧山 in Yíxīng 宜興, before following Yuèxiá to Xīngfú Temple [[興福寺]] in ~~Chángrè~~ [[常熱]], when Yuèxiá became abbot there. On July 1, Chísōng was appointed the official recorder 書記, while another of Yuèxiá's disciples, Yīngcí [[應慈]] was asked to organize the Dharmadhatu Seminary [[法界學院]] at the temple. Sadly, Yuèxiá died in Hángzhōu that fall before any of these plans was brought to fruition.	+	In [[1917]] Chísōng attended lectures given by Yuèxiá at Guīyuán Temple and Bìshān 碧山 in Yíxīng 宜興, before following Yuèxiá to Xīngfú Temple [[興福寺]] in Chángshú [[常熟]], when Yuèxiá became abbot there. On July 1, Chísōng was appointed the official recorder 書記, while another of Yuèxiá's disciples, Yīngcí [[應慈]] was asked to organize the Dharmadhatu Seminary [[法界學院]] at the temple. Sadly, Yuèxiá died in Hángzhōu that fall before any of these plans was brought to fruition.

	In February [[1918]], Yīngcí, acting on the request of the late Yuèxiá, transmitted the dharma to Chísōng, Hùizōng 惠宗, and Tányuè 潭月, making them all 43rd-generation holders of the Línjì 臨濟 lineage. The Dharmadhatu Seminary went ahead, and from [[1920]] to [[1922]], Chísōng lectured on the ''Śūraṃgama Sūtra'' there. In [[1922]], he was asked by Chángxǐng [[常惺]] to come lecture at the Ānhuī Monastic School [[安徽僧學校]] at Yíngjiāng Temple [[迎江寺]] in Ānqìng [[安慶]].		In February [[1918]], Yīngcí, acting on the request of the late Yuèxiá, transmitted the dharma to Chísōng, Hùizōng 惠宗, and Tányuè 潭月, making them all 43rd-generation holders of the Línjì 臨濟 lineage. The Dharmadhatu Seminary went ahead, and from [[1920]] to [[1922]], Chísōng lectured on the ''Śūraṃgama Sūtra'' there. In [[1922]], he was asked by Chángxǐng [[常惺]] to come lecture at the Ānhuī Monastic School [[安徽僧學校]] at Yíngjiāng Temple [[迎江寺]] in Ānqìng [[安慶]].

Erik hammerstrom at 18:51, 23 July 2010

2010-07-23T18:51:16Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:51, 23 July 2010
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	Chísōng began attending a Confucian academy when he was 6. When he was 14, his father died, and two years later a flood forced his mother to give him to a family member to raise. He took tonsure at age 17 ([[1910]]) at Tiěniú Temple 鐵牛寺 in Jīngzhōu 荊州, after which he traveled to Yuǎnān County 遠安縣 (Húběi) to study Buddhism.		Chísōng began attending a Confucian academy when he was 6. When he was 14, his father died, and two years later a flood forced his mother to give him to a family member to raise. He took tonsure at age 17 ([[1910]]) at Tiěniú Temple 鐵牛寺 in Jīngzhōu 荊州, after which he traveled to Yuǎnān County 遠安縣 (Húběi) to study Buddhism.

-	In [[1912]] Chísōng received the full precepts at Guīyuán Temple [[歸元寺]] in Hànyáng [[漢陽]]. Later that year, he traveled to Shànghǎi to enroll at Huáyán University [[華嚴大學]]. When the school moved to Hángzhōu [[杭州]] three years later, Chísōng went along. There he worked closely with the school's founder, Yuèxiá [[月霞]] before graduating in [[1916]]. Upon graduation he returned to his hometown, but his family was all dead or lost. He studied Tiāntái 天台 at Yùquán Temple 玉泉寺 in Dāngyáng 當陽 under Zǔyìn 祖印.	+	In [[1912]] Chísōng received the full precepts at Guīyuán Temple [[歸元寺]] in Hànyáng [[漢陽]]. Later that year, he traveled to Shànghǎi to enroll at Huáyán University [[華嚴大學]]. When the school moved to Hángzhōu [[杭州]] three years later, Chísōng went along. There he worked closely with the school's founder, Yuèxiá [[月霞]] before graduating in [[1916]]. Upon graduation he returned to his hometown, but his family was all dead or lost. He studied Tiāntái [[天台]] at Yùquán Temple 玉泉寺 in Dāngyáng 當陽 under Zǔyìn 祖印.

	In [[1917]] Chísōng attended lectures given by Yuèxiá at Guīyuán Temple and Bìshān 碧山 in Yíxīng 宜興, before following Yuèxiá to Xīngfú Temple [[興福寺]] in Chángrè [[常熱]], when Yuèxiá became abbot there. On July 1, Chísōng was appointed the official recorder 書記, while another of Yuèxiá's disciples, Yīngcí [[應慈]] was asked to organize the Dharmadhatu Seminary [[法界學院]] at the temple. Sadly, Yuèxiá died in Hángzhōu that fall before any of these plans was brought to fruition.		In [[1917]] Chísōng attended lectures given by Yuèxiá at Guīyuán Temple and Bìshān 碧山 in Yíxīng 宜興, before following Yuèxiá to Xīngfú Temple [[興福寺]] in Chángrè [[常熱]], when Yuèxiá became abbot there. On July 1, Chísōng was appointed the official recorder 書記, while another of Yuèxiá's disciples, Yīngcí [[應慈]] was asked to organize the Dharmadhatu Seminary [[法界學院]] at the temple. Sadly, Yuèxiá died in Hángzhōu that fall before any of these plans was brought to fruition.

Erik hammerstrom at 17:04, 14 July 2010

2010-07-14T17:04:46Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:04, 14 July 2010
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	Chísōng began attending a Confucian academy when he was 6. When he was 14, his father died, and two years later a flood forced his mother to give him to a family member to raise. He took tonsure at age 17 ([[1910]]) at Tiěniú Temple 鐵牛寺 in Jīngzhōu 荊州, after which he traveled to Yuǎnān County 遠安縣 (Húběi) to study Buddhism.		Chísōng began attending a Confucian academy when he was 6. When he was 14, his father died, and two years later a flood forced his mother to give him to a family member to raise. He took tonsure at age 17 ([[1910]]) at Tiěniú Temple 鐵牛寺 in Jīngzhōu 荊州, after which he traveled to Yuǎnān County 遠安縣 (Húběi) to study Buddhism.

-	In [[1912]] Chísōng received the full precepts at Guīyuán Temple 歸元寺 in Hànyáng [[漢陽]]. Later that year, he traveled to Shànghǎi to enroll at Huáyán University [[華嚴大學]]. When the school moved to Hángzhōu 杭州 three years later, Chísōng went along. There he worked closely with the school's founder, Yuèxiá [[月霞]] before graduating in [[1916]]. Upon graduation he returned to his hometown, but his family was all dead or lost. He studied Tiāntái 天台 at Yùquán Temple 玉泉寺 in Dāngyáng 當陽 under Zǔyìn 祖印.	+	In [[1912]] Chísōng received the full precepts at Guīyuán Temple [[歸元寺]] in Hànyáng [[漢陽]]. Later that year, he traveled to Shànghǎi to enroll at Huáyán University [[華嚴大學]]. When the school moved to Hángzhōu [[杭州]] three years later, Chísōng went along. There he worked closely with the school's founder, Yuèxiá [[月霞]] before graduating in [[1916]]. Upon graduation he returned to his hometown, but his family was all dead or lost. He studied Tiāntái 天台 at Yùquán Temple 玉泉寺 in Dāngyáng 當陽 under Zǔyìn 祖印.

-	In [[1917]] Chísōng attended lectures given by Yuèxiá at Guīyuán Temple and Bìshān 碧山 in Yíxīng 宜興, before following Yuèxiá to Xīngfú Temple [[興福寺]] in Chángrè [[常熱]], when Yuèxiá became abbot there. On July 1, Chísōng was appointed the official recorder 書記, while another of Yuèxiá's disciples, Yīngcí [[應慈]] was asked to organize the Dharmadhatu Seminary [[法界學院]] at the temple. Sadly, Yuèxiá died in Hángzhōu that fall.	+	In [[1917]] Chísōng attended lectures given by Yuèxiá at Guīyuán Temple and Bìshān 碧山 in Yíxīng 宜興, before following Yuèxiá to Xīngfú Temple [[興福寺]] in Chángrè [[常熱]], when Yuèxiá became abbot there. On July 1, Chísōng was appointed the official recorder 書記, while another of Yuèxiá's disciples, Yīngcí [[應慈]] was asked to organize the Dharmadhatu Seminary [[法界學院]] at the temple. Sadly, Yuèxiá died in Hángzhōu that fall before any of these plans was brought to fruition.

-	In February [[1918]], Yīngcí, acting on the request of the late Yuèxiá, transmitted the dharma to Chísōng, Hùizōng 惠宗, and Tányuè 潭月, making them all 43rd ~~generations~~ holders of the Línjì 臨濟 lineage. The Dharmadhatu Seminary went ahead, and from [[1920]] to [[1922]], Chísōng lectured on the ''Śūraṃgama Sūtra'' there. In [[1922]], he was asked by Chángxǐng [[常惺]] to come lecture at the Ānhuī Monastic School [[安徽僧學校]] at Yíngjiāng Temple [[迎江寺]] in Ānqìng 安慶.	+	In February [[1918]], Yīngcí, acting on the request of the late Yuèxiá, transmitted the dharma to Chísōng, Hùizōng 惠宗, and Tányuè 潭月, making them all 43rd-generation holders of the Línjì 臨濟 lineage. The Dharmadhatu Seminary went ahead, and from [[1920]] to [[1922]], Chísōng lectured on the ''Śūraṃgama Sūtra'' there. In [[1922]], he was asked by Chángxǐng [[常惺]] to come lecture at the Ānhuī Monastic School [[安徽僧學校]] at Yíngjiāng Temple [[迎江寺]] in Ānqìng [[安慶]].

-	While at the Monastic School, Chísōng became interested in studying Esoteric Buddhism 密教. In the fall of 1922, he and Dàyǒng [[大勇]] traveled to Koya-san 高野山 in Japan to study Shingon 真言 Buddhism. In [[1923]] he received ''abiṣeka'' 灌頂, or esoteric initiation, earning him the rank of 51st-generation ''Ācārya'' 阿闍梨. He returned to China the same year. Upon his return, he and Dàyǒng traveled to Wǔhàn [[武漢]], where, based at the Wuchang Buddhist Seminary [[武昌佛學院]], they gave ''abiṣeka'' to many Buddhists. Shortly thereafter, Chísōng gave ''abiṣeka'' to about one-hundred Buddhists at Hángzhōu's Pútí Temple [[菩提寺]].	+	While at the Monastic School, Chísōng became interested in studying Esoteric Buddhism [[密教]]. In the fall of 1922, he and Dàyǒng [[大勇]] traveled to Koya-san 高野山 in Japan to study Shingon 真言 Buddhism. In [[1923]] he received ''abiṣeka'' 灌頂, or esoteric initiation, earning him the rank of a 51st-generation ''Ācārya'' 阿闍梨. He returned to China the same year. Upon his return, he and Dàyǒng traveled to Wǔhàn [[武漢]], where, based at the Wuchang Buddhist Seminary [[武昌佛學院]], they gave ''abiṣeka'' to many Buddhists. Shortly thereafter, Chísōng gave ''abiṣeka'' to about one-hundred Buddhists at Hángzhōu's Pútí Temple [[菩提寺]].

-	After this, he traveled between Wǔhàn and Ānqìng before becoming abbot of Bǎotōng Temple [[寶通寺]] on Hóngshān 洪山 in [[1924]]~~, which for that reason~~ became an important site for the transmission of Japanese Esotericism [[東密]]. ~~That~~ fall, Chísōng performed a Nation-Saving Dharma Rite for Humane Kings 仁王護國法會 for the local army. At that ceremony, he gave ''abiṣeka'' to several thousand people, including several famous lay Buddhists from Wǔhàn, Chén Yuánbái [[陳元白]], Zhào Nánsān 趙南三, Dù Hánsān 杜漢三, and Dèng Mèngguāng 鄧夢光.	+	After this, he traveled between Wǔhàn and Ānqìng before becoming abbot of Bǎotōng Temple [[寶通寺]] on Hóngshān 洪山 in [[1924]]. This eventually became an important site for the transmission of Japanese Esotericism [[東密]]. The fall of his arival, Chísōng performed a Nation-Saving Dharma Rite for Humane Kings 仁王護國法會 for the local army. At that ceremony he gave ''abiṣeka'' to several thousand people, including several famous lay Buddhists from Wǔhàn, Chén Yuánbái [[陳元白]], Zhào Nánsān 趙南三, Dù Hánsān 杜漢三, and Dèng Mèngguāng 鄧夢光.

	In [[1925]] Chísōng was part of the Chinese Delegation to the East Asian Buddhist Conference [[東亞佛教大會]]. He stayed in Japan for an additional two years in order to receive further instruction from his teachers at Koya-san. He returned to China in [[1927]]. Upon his return, he lectured at various locations in Shànghǎi [[上海]].		In [[1925]] Chísōng was part of the Chinese Delegation to the East Asian Buddhist Conference [[東亞佛教大會]]. He stayed in Japan for an additional two years in order to receive further instruction from his teachers at Koya-san. He returned to China in [[1927]]. Upon his return, he lectured at various locations in Shànghǎi [[上海]].
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	After Bǎotōng Temple was destroyed during the Northern Expedition, Chísōng spent several years traveling and lecturing in the Jiāngnán [[江南]] area. After [[1931]], Wáng Yītíng [[王一亭]] and other Shanghainese laymen established the Bodhi Study Association [[菩提學會]] for the study of Esoteric Buddhism. Chísong was asked to be the guiding teacher of the group, which set up shop in the Meditation Hall 靜室 of the Pure Karma Society [[淨業社]]. Chísōng also taught various ''mudrās'' at the Qīngliáng Temple [[清涼寺]] the behest of Jiǎng Wéiqiáo [[蔣維喬]].		After Bǎotōng Temple was destroyed during the Northern Expedition, Chísōng spent several years traveling and lecturing in the Jiāngnán [[江南]] area. After [[1931]], Wáng Yītíng [[王一亭]] and other Shanghainese laymen established the Bodhi Study Association [[菩提學會]] for the study of Esoteric Buddhism. Chísong was asked to be the guiding teacher of the group, which set up shop in the Meditation Hall 靜室 of the Pure Karma Society [[淨業社]]. Chísōng also taught various ''mudrās'' at the Qīngliáng Temple [[清涼寺]] the behest of Jiǎng Wéiqiáo [[蔣維喬]].

-	In [[1936]] Chísōng returned to Japan once more. After he ~~returned~~, he moved to Shèngxiān Temple [[聖仙寺]], where he went into seclusion during the Second Sino-Japanese War. During this time he published a number of works, and much of his publishing was financed by Liza Roos [[羅迦陵]]. In [[1947]], after the end of the War, Chísōng became abbot of Jìng'ān Temple [[靜安寺]] and the head of the Jìng'ān Buddhist Seminary [[靜安佛學院]], both in Shànghǎi. Chísōng held a Tang-style esoteric rite at Jìng'ān Temple in 1953. In 1954 he was elected a representative for Shànghǎi. In 1956 he was made the president of the Shànghǎi Branch of the Chinese Buddhist Association [[中國佛教協會]]. In November of that year he traveled to Nepal for the fourth International Buddhism Conference.	+	In [[1936]] Chísōng returned to Japan once more. After he came back, he moved to Shèngxiān Temple [[聖仙寺]], where he went into seclusion during the Second Sino-Japanese War. During this time he published a number of works, and much of his publishing was financed by Liza Roos [[羅迦陵]]. In [[1947]], after the end of the War, Chísōng became abbot of Jìng'ān Temple [[靜安寺]] and the head of the Jìng'ān Buddhist Seminary [[靜安佛學院]], both in Shànghǎi. Chísōng held a Tang-style esoteric rite at Jìng'ān Temple in 1953. In 1954 he was elected a representative for Shànghǎi. In 1956 he was made the president of the Shànghǎi Branch of the Chinese Buddhist Association [[中國佛教協會]]. In November of that year he traveled to Nepal for the fourth International Buddhism Conference.

	He, his temple, and his monks all faced persecution during the Cultural Revolution. He died on November 16, 1972.		He, his temple, and his monks all faced persecution during the Cultural Revolution. He died on November 16, 1972.

Erik hammerstrom at 14:46, 21 June 2010

2010-06-21T14:46:33Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:46, 21 June 2010
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	In [[1912]] Chísōng received the full precepts at Guīyuán Temple 歸元寺 in Hànyáng [[漢陽]]. Later that year, he traveled to Shànghǎi to enroll at Huáyán University [[華嚴大學]]. When the school moved to Hángzhōu 杭州 three years later, Chísōng went along. There he worked closely with the school's founder, Yuèxiá [[月霞]] before graduating in [[1916]]. Upon graduation he returned to his hometown, but his family was all dead or lost. He studied Tiāntái 天台 at Yùquán Temple 玉泉寺 in Dāngyáng 當陽 under Zǔyìn 祖印.		In [[1912]] Chísōng received the full precepts at Guīyuán Temple 歸元寺 in Hànyáng [[漢陽]]. Later that year, he traveled to Shànghǎi to enroll at Huáyán University [[華嚴大學]]. When the school moved to Hángzhōu 杭州 three years later, Chísōng went along. There he worked closely with the school's founder, Yuèxiá [[月霞]] before graduating in [[1916]]. Upon graduation he returned to his hometown, but his family was all dead or lost. He studied Tiāntái 天台 at Yùquán Temple 玉泉寺 in Dāngyáng 當陽 under Zǔyìn 祖印.

-	In [[1917]] Chísōng attended lectures given by Yuèxiá at Guīyuán Temple and Bìshān 碧山 in Yíxīng 宜興, before following Yuèxiá to Xīngfú Temple 興福寺 in Chángrè 常熱, when Yuèxiá became abbot there. On July 1, Chísōng was appointed the official recorder 書記, while another of Yuèxiá's disciples, Yīngcí [[應慈]] was asked to organize the Dharmadhatu Seminary [[法界學院]] at the temple. Sadly, Yuèxiá died in Hángzhōu that fall.	+	In [[1917]] Chísōng attended lectures given by Yuèxiá at Guīyuán Temple and Bìshān 碧山 in Yíxīng 宜興, before following Yuèxiá to Xīngfú Temple [[興福寺]] in Chángrè [[常熱]], when Yuèxiá became abbot there. On July 1, Chísōng was appointed the official recorder 書記, while another of Yuèxiá's disciples, Yīngcí [[應慈]] was asked to organize the Dharmadhatu Seminary [[法界學院]] at the temple. Sadly, Yuèxiá died in Hángzhōu that fall.

	In February [[1918]], Yīngcí, acting on the request of the late Yuèxiá, transmitted the dharma to Chísōng, Hùizōng 惠宗, and Tányuè 潭月, making them all 43rd generations holders of the Línjì 臨濟 lineage. The Dharmadhatu Seminary went ahead, and from [[1920]] to [[1922]], Chísōng lectured on the ''Śūraṃgama Sūtra'' there. In [[1922]], he was asked by Chángxǐng [[常惺]] to come lecture at the Ānhuī Monastic School [[安徽僧學校]] at Yíngjiāng Temple [[迎江寺]] in Ānqìng 安慶.		In February [[1918]], Yīngcí, acting on the request of the late Yuèxiá, transmitted the dharma to Chísōng, Hùizōng 惠宗, and Tányuè 潭月, making them all 43rd generations holders of the Línjì 臨濟 lineage. The Dharmadhatu Seminary went ahead, and from [[1920]] to [[1922]], Chísōng lectured on the ''Śūraṃgama Sūtra'' there. In [[1922]], he was asked by Chángxǐng [[常惺]] to come lecture at the Ānhuī Monastic School [[安徽僧學校]] at Yíngjiāng Temple [[迎江寺]] in Ānqìng 安慶.

Erik hammerstrom: moved 持松 to Chisong 持松: To accord with new protocol

2010-03-30T14:26:39Z

moved 持松 to Chisong 持松: To accord with new protocol

← Older revision

Revision as of 14:26, 30 March 2010

Erik hammerstrom at 14:26, 30 March 2010

2010-03-30T14:26:27Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:26, 30 March 2010
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	}}		}}

-	== Chísōng 持松 (1894-1972) ==	+	'''Chísōng 持松 (1894-1972)''' was a famous teacher of Esoteric Buddhism during the Republican period.

-	~~A famous teacher of Esoteric Buddhism during the Republican period.~~	+	==Biography==
-		+
-	~~'''~~Biography~~'''~~	+

	Chísōng began attending a Confucian academy when he was 6. When he was 14, his father died, and two years later a flood forced his mother to give him to a family member to raise. He took tonsure at age 17 ([[1910]]) at Tiěniú Temple 鐵牛寺 in Jīngzhōu 荊州, after which he traveled to Yuǎnān County 遠安縣 (Húběi) to study Buddhism.		Chísōng began attending a Confucian academy when he was 6. When he was 14, his father died, and two years later a flood forced his mother to give him to a family member to raise. He took tonsure at age 17 ([[1910]]) at Tiěniú Temple 鐵牛寺 in Jīngzhōu 荊州, after which he traveled to Yuǎnān County 遠安縣 (Húběi) to study Buddhism.
Line 44:		Line 42:
	He, his temple, and his monks all faced persecution during the Cultural Revolution. He died on November 16, 1972.		He, his temple, and his monks all faced persecution during the Cultural Revolution. He died on November 16, 1972.

-	~~----~~	+	==Important Works==
-	~~'''~~Important Works~~'''~~	+
	* Much of his work is available online at [http://www.1ayi.com/cs/book.htm 持松法師研究網]		* Much of his work is available online at [http://www.1ayi.com/cs/book.htm 持松法師研究網]

-	~~----~~	+	==Notable Students==
-	~~'''~~Notable Students~~'''~~	+
	* [[程宅安]]		* [[程宅安]]

-	~~----~~	+	==Notes==
-	~~'''~~Notes~~'''~~	+

	<references/>		<references/>

-	~~----~~	+	==References==
-	~~'''~~References~~:'''~~	+
	* {{XFRC}} Pp. 1:754c-757b.		* {{XFRC}} Pp. 1:754c-757b.

	[[Category:Biography]]		[[Category:Biography]]

Erik hammerstrom at 14:25, 9 February 2010

2010-02-09T14:25:43Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:25, 9 February 2010
Line 26:		Line 26:
	Chísōng began attending a Confucian academy when he was 6. When he was 14, his father died, and two years later a flood forced his mother to give him to a family member to raise. He took tonsure at age 17 ([[1910]]) at Tiěniú Temple 鐵牛寺 in Jīngzhōu 荊州, after which he traveled to Yuǎnān County 遠安縣 (Húběi) to study Buddhism.		Chísōng began attending a Confucian academy when he was 6. When he was 14, his father died, and two years later a flood forced his mother to give him to a family member to raise. He took tonsure at age 17 ([[1910]]) at Tiěniú Temple 鐵牛寺 in Jīngzhōu 荊州, after which he traveled to Yuǎnān County 遠安縣 (Húběi) to study Buddhism.

-	In [[1912]] Chísōng received the full precepts at Guīyuán Temple 歸元寺 in Hànyáng 漢陽. Later that year, he traveled to Shànghǎi to enroll at Huáyán University [[華嚴大學]]. When the school moved to Hángzhōu 杭州 three years later, Chísōng went along. There he worked closely with the school's founder, Yuèxiá [[月霞]] before graduating in [[1916]]. Upon graduation he returned to his hometown, but his family was all dead or lost. He studied Tiāntái 天台 at Yùquán Temple 玉泉寺 in Dāngyáng 當陽 under Zǔyìn 祖印.	+	In [[1912]] Chísōng received the full precepts at Guīyuán Temple 歸元寺 in Hànyáng [[漢陽]]. Later that year, he traveled to Shànghǎi to enroll at Huáyán University [[華嚴大學]]. When the school moved to Hángzhōu 杭州 three years later, Chísōng went along. There he worked closely with the school's founder, Yuèxiá [[月霞]] before graduating in [[1916]]. Upon graduation he returned to his hometown, but his family was all dead or lost. He studied Tiāntái 天台 at Yùquán Temple 玉泉寺 in Dāngyáng 當陽 under Zǔyìn 祖印.

-	In [[1917]] Chísōng attended lectures given by Yuèxiá at Guīyuán Temple and Bìshān 碧山 in Yíxīng 宜興, before following Yuèxiá to Xīngfú Temple 興福寺 in Chángrè 常熱, when ~~the latter~~ became abbot there. On July 1, Chísōng was appointed the official recorder 書記, while another of Yuèxiá's disciples, Yīngcí [[應慈]] was asked to organize the Dharmadhatu Seminary [[法界學院]] at the temple. Sadly, Yuèxiá died in Hángzhōu that fall.	+	In [[1917]] Chísōng attended lectures given by Yuèxiá at Guīyuán Temple and Bìshān 碧山 in Yíxīng 宜興, before following Yuèxiá to Xīngfú Temple 興福寺 in Chángrè 常熱, when Yuèxiá became abbot there. On July 1, Chísōng was appointed the official recorder 書記, while another of Yuèxiá's disciples, Yīngcí [[應慈]] was asked to organize the Dharmadhatu Seminary [[法界學院]] at the temple. Sadly, Yuèxiá died in Hángzhōu that fall.

-	In February [[1918]], Yīngcí, acting on the request of the late Yuèxiá, transmitted the dharma to Chísōng, Hùizōng 惠宗, and Tányuè 潭月, making them all 43rd generations holders of the Línjì 臨濟 lineage. The Dharmadhatu Seminary went ahead, and from [[1920]] to [[1922]], Chísōng lectured on the ''Śūraṃgama Sūtra''. In [[1922]], he was asked by Chángxǐng [[常惺]] to come lecture at the Ānhuī Monastic School [[安徽僧學校]] at Yíngjiāng Temple [[迎江寺]] in Ānqìng 安慶.	+	In February [[1918]], Yīngcí, acting on the request of the late Yuèxiá, transmitted the dharma to Chísōng, Hùizōng 惠宗, and Tányuè 潭月, making them all 43rd generations holders of the Línjì 臨濟 lineage. The Dharmadhatu Seminary went ahead, and from [[1920]] to [[1922]], Chísōng lectured on the ''Śūraṃgama Sūtra'' there. In [[1922]], he was asked by Chángxǐng [[常惺]] to come lecture at the Ānhuī Monastic School [[安徽僧學校]] at Yíngjiāng Temple [[迎江寺]] in Ānqìng 安慶.

-	While at the Monastic School, Chísōng became interested in studying Esoteric Buddhism 密教. In the fall of 1922, he and Dàyǒng [[大勇]] traveled to Koya-san 高野山 in Japan to study Shingon 真言 Buddhism. In [[1923]] he received ''abiṣeka'' 灌頂, or esoteric initiation, earning him the rank of 51st-generation ''Ācārya'' 阿闍梨. He returned to China the same year. Upon his return, he and Dàyǒng traveled to Wǔhàn 武漢, where, based at the Wuchang Buddhist Seminary [[武昌佛學院]], they gave ''abiṣeka'' to many Buddhists. Shortly thereafter, Chísōng gave ''abiṣeka'' to about one-hundred Buddhists at Hángzhōu's Pútí Temple [[菩提寺]].	+	While at the Monastic School, Chísōng became interested in studying Esoteric Buddhism 密教. In the fall of 1922, he and Dàyǒng [[大勇]] traveled to Koya-san 高野山 in Japan to study Shingon 真言 Buddhism. In [[1923]] he received ''abiṣeka'' 灌頂, or esoteric initiation, earning him the rank of 51st-generation ''Ācārya'' 阿闍梨. He returned to China the same year. Upon his return, he and Dàyǒng traveled to Wǔhàn [[武漢]], where, based at the Wuchang Buddhist Seminary [[武昌佛學院]], they gave ''abiṣeka'' to many Buddhists. Shortly thereafter, Chísōng gave ''abiṣeka'' to about one-hundred Buddhists at Hángzhōu's Pútí Temple [[菩提寺]].

-	After this, he traveled between Wǔhàn and Ānqìng before becoming abbot of Bǎotōng Temple [[寶通寺]] on Hóngshān 洪山 in [[1924]], which for that reason became an important site for the transmission of Japanese Esotericism [[東密]]. That fall he performed a Nation-Saving Dharma Rite for Humane Kings 仁王護國法會 for the local army. At that ceremony, he gave ''abiṣeka'' to several thousand people, including several famous lay Buddhists from Wǔhàn, Chén Yuánbái [[陳元白]], Zhào Nánsān 趙南三, Dù Hánsān 杜漢三, and Dèng Mèngguāng 鄧夢光.	+	After this, he traveled between Wǔhàn and Ānqìng before becoming abbot of Bǎotōng Temple [[寶通寺]] on Hóngshān 洪山 in [[1924]], which for that reason became an important site for the transmission of Japanese Esotericism [[東密]]. That fall, Chísōng performed a Nation-Saving Dharma Rite for Humane Kings 仁王護國法會 for the local army. At that ceremony, he gave ''abiṣeka'' to several thousand people, including several famous lay Buddhists from Wǔhàn, Chén Yuánbái [[陳元白]], Zhào Nánsān 趙南三, Dù Hánsān 杜漢三, and Dèng Mèngguāng 鄧夢光.

-	In [[1925]] he was part of the Chinese Delegation to the East Asian Buddhist Conference [[東亞佛教大會]]. He stayed in Japan for an additional two years in order to ~~receive~~ receive further instruction from his teachers at Koya-san. He returned to China in [[1927]]. Upon his return, he lectured at various locations in Shànghǎi.	+	In [[1925]] Chísōng was part of the Chinese Delegation to the East Asian Buddhist Conference [[東亞佛教大會]]. He stayed in Japan for an additional two years in order to receive further instruction from his teachers at Koya-san. He returned to China in [[1927]]. Upon his return, he lectured at various locations in Shànghǎi [[上海]].

-	Bǎotōng Temple was destroyed during the Northern Expedition, ~~and~~ Chísōng spent ~~those~~ years traveling and lecturing in the Jiāngnán [[江南]] area. After [[1931]], Wáng Yītíng [[王一亭]] and other Shanghainese laymen established the Bodhi Study Association [[菩提學會]] for the study of Esoteric Buddhism. Chísong was asked to be the guiding teacher of the group, which set up shop in the Meditation Hall 靜室 of the Pure Karma Society [[淨業社]]. Chísōng also taught various ''mudrās'' at the Qīngliáng Temple [[清涼寺]] the behest of Jiǎng Wéiqiáo [[蔣維喬]].	+	After Bǎotōng Temple was destroyed during the Northern Expedition, Chísōng spent several years traveling and lecturing in the Jiāngnán [[江南]] area. After [[1931]], Wáng Yītíng [[王一亭]] and other Shanghainese laymen established the Bodhi Study Association [[菩提學會]] for the study of Esoteric Buddhism. Chísong was asked to be the guiding teacher of the group, which set up shop in the Meditation Hall 靜室 of the Pure Karma Society [[淨業社]]. Chísōng also taught various ''mudrās'' at the Qīngliáng Temple [[清涼寺]] the behest of Jiǎng Wéiqiáo [[蔣維喬]].

-	In [[1936]] Chísōng returned to Japan once more. ~~He stayed at~~ Shèngxiān Temple [[聖仙寺]], where he went into seclusion during the Second Sino-Japanese War. During this time he published a ~~great deal~~, much of ~~which~~ was financed by Liza Roos [[羅迦陵]].	+	In [[1936]] Chísōng returned to Japan once more. After he returned, he moved to Shèngxiān Temple [[聖仙寺]], where he went into seclusion during the Second Sino-Japanese War. During this time he published a number of works, and much of his publishing was financed by Liza Roos [[羅迦陵]]. In [[1947]], after the end of the War, Chísōng became abbot of Jìng'ān Temple [[靜安寺]] and the head of the Jìng'ān Buddhist Seminary [[靜安佛學院]], both in Shànghǎi. Chísōng held a Tang-style esoteric rite at Jìng'ān Temple in 1953. In 1954 he was elected a representative for Shànghǎi. In 1956 he was made the president of the Shànghǎi Branch of the Chinese Buddhist Association [[中國佛教協會]]. In November of that year he traveled to Nepal for the fourth International Buddhism Conference.
-		+
-	In [[1947]], after the end of the War, he became abbot of Jìng'ān Temple [[靜安寺]] and the head of the Jìng'ān Buddhist Seminary [[靜安佛學院]].	+
-		+
-	~~In 1953 he~~ held a Tang-style esoteric rite at Jìng'ān Temple. In 1954 he was elected a representative for Shànghǎi. In 1956 he was made the president of the Shànghǎi Branch of the Chinese Buddhist Association [[中國佛教協會]]. In November of that year he traveled to Nepal for the fourth International Buddhism Conference.	+

	He, his temple, and his monks all faced persecution during the Cultural Revolution. He died on November 16, 1972.		He, his temple, and his monks all faced persecution during the Cultural Revolution. He died on November 16, 1972.

Erik hammerstrom at 19:03, 2 January 2010

2010-01-02T19:03:51Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:03, 2 January 2010
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	* Courtesy name 字: Chísōng 持松		* Courtesy name 字: Chísōng 持松
	* Dharma name 法名: Mìlín 密林		* Dharma name 法名: Mìlín 密林
-	\|image=[[File:Chisong.jpg\|~~right~~\|Chísōng]]	+	\|image=[[File:Chisong.jpg\|center\|Chísōng]]
	\|birth=[[1894]] (Guāngxù 光緒 2) in Jīngmén County 荊門縣, Húběi [[湖北]]		\|birth=[[1894]] (Guāngxù 光緒 2) in Jīngmén County 荊門縣, Húběi [[湖北]]
	\|death=November 16, 1972 in Shànghǎi [[上海]]		\|death=November 16, 1972 in Shànghǎi [[上海]]

Erik hammerstrom at 17:01, 1 January 2010

2010-01-01T17:01:18Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:01, 1 January 2010
Line 1:		Line 1:
-	[[File:Chisong.jpg\|right\|Chísōng]]	+	{{Bio_infobox
		+	\|name-date=Chísōng 持松 (1894-1972)
		+	\|names=* Surname 姓: Zhāng 張
		+	* Style name 自號: Shīzàng ''śramaṇa'' 師奘沙門
		+	* Courtesy name 字: Chísōng 持松
		+	* Dharma name 法名: Mìlín 密林
		+	\|image=[[File:Chisong.jpg\|right\|Chísōng]]
		+	\|birth=[[1894]] (Guāngxù 光緒 2) in Jīngmén County 荊門縣, Húběi [[湖北]]
		+	\|death=November 16, 1972 in Shànghǎi [[上海]]
		+	\|associates=Notable Associates:
		+	* Chángxǐng [[常惺]]
		+	* Chén Yuánbái [[陳元白]]
		+	* Jiǎng Wéiqiáo [[蔣維喬]]
		+	* Wáng Yītíng [[王一亭]]
		+	* Yīngcí [[應慈]]
		+	* Yuèxiá [[月霞]]
		+	\|editor-name=Erik Hammerstrom
		+	}}

	== Chísōng 持松 (1894-1972) ==		== Chísōng 持松 (1894-1972) ==

-	A ~~famed~~ teacher of Esoteric Buddhism during the Republican period.	+	A famous teacher of Esoteric Buddhism during the Republican period.
-		+
-	* Born [[1894]] (Guāngxù 光緒 2) in Jīngmén County 荊門縣, Húběi 湖北	+
-	* Died November 16, 1972 in Shànghǎi 上海	+
-	* Name surname 姓: Zhāng 張	+
-	* Style name 自號: Shīzàng ''śramaṇa'' 師奘沙門	+
-	* Courtesy name 字: Chísōng 持松	+
-	* Dharma name 法名: Mìlín 密林	+

	'''Biography'''		'''Biography'''
Line 53:		Line 63:
	----		----
	'''References:'''		'''References:'''
-		+	* {{XFRC}} Pp. 1:754c-757b.
-	~~Yú Língbō 于凌波, ed~~. ~~''Xiàndài fójiào rénwù cídiǎn'' 現代佛教人物辭典 (A Dictionary of Modern Buddhist Persons), 2 vols. (Taipei: Foguang, 2004),~~ 1:754c-757b.	+

	[[Category:Biography]]		[[Category:Biography]]